Viloxazine
Viloxazine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Viloxazine is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) that was used in some European countries as an antidepressant drug. It structurally differs from conventional tri- or tetra-cyclic antidepressants and it does not produce sedative anticholinergic or adrenergic effects in man . While displaying amphetamine-like CNS stimulant effects, there is little evidence of drug dependence from viloxazine therapy. Viloxazine hydrochloride is a common active ingredient in drug formulation. It was discovered and brought to market in 1976 by Imperial Chemical Industries and in early 2000's, it was withdrawn from the market.
Viloxazine is a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (NRI) with minimal inhibitory effect on the reuptake of 5-HT. It is also shown to upregulate the levels of GABA-B receptors in the rat frontal cortex. It is shown to form a complex with the human norepinephrine transporter (hNET) .The S(-)-stereoisomer of viloxazine exhibits more potent pharmacological actions .
| Trade Name | Viloxazine |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Viloxazine |
| Viloxazine Other Names | Viloxazina, Viloxazine, Viloxazinum |
| Related Drugs | Adderall, Vyvanse, methylphenidate, Concerta, Strattera, Ritalin |
| Type | |
| Formula | C13H19NO3 |
| Weight | Average: 237.299 Monoisotopic: 237.136493476 |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Indicated for the treatment of clinical depression.
How Viloxazine works
Viloxazine inhibits noradrenaline uptake in rat and mouse heart tissue and has a weak effect on the uptake of 5-HT . In a docking study, the amino group of viloxazine points towards Asp75 in the drug binding pocket of the transporter and forms hydrogen bonds with Phe72, Asp75 and Phe317. The rest of the drug molecule forms hydrophobic interactions with other key residues in the binding pocket .
Toxicity
Common adverse effects are nausea and vomiting. Other side effects are dry mouth, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, sleep disturbances, bad taste, anorexia, heartburn and indigestion, constipation, diarrhoea, ataxia, tremor, dyskinesia, paraesthesia, confusion, restlessness, irritability, hypomania and mania, sweating, palpitation, tachycardia, increased and decreased blood pressure, pruritus and skin rashes .
Viloxazine Drug Interaction
Major: duloxetine, oxycodoneModerate: aripiprazole, atorvastatinUnknown: 5-hydroxytryptophan, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, fexofenadine, fluticasone / vilanterol, loratadine, losartan, methamphetamine, fluticasone nasal, insulin detemir, pregabalin, morphine, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, albuterol, bifidobacterium infantis / lactobacillus acidophilus, vortioxetine
Viloxazine Disease Interaction
Moderate: mania, depression, liver impairment, renal impairment
Elimination Route
Viloxazine is rapidly and almost completely absorbed following oral administration. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) ranges between 540 and 1,600 ng/mL and the mean time to reach Cmax is approximately 86 minutes . Increase in plasma drug concentration is dose-proportional .
Half Life
Elimination half life is approximately 3-4 hours .
Elimination Route
Viloxazine is rapidly eliminated via urine and about 2% of the administered dose is recovered in the feces. About 12-15% of the total drug is eliminated as unchanged parent drug .
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Viloxazine
