Vivactil
Vivactil Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Vivactil hydrochloride is a dibenzocycloheptene-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, protriptyline does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, protriptyline exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. In addition, TCAs down-regulate cerebral cortical β-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine H1 receptors, alpha1-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Vivactil may be used for the treatment of depression.
Vivactil is a tricyclic antidepressant. It was thought that tricyclic antidepressants work by inhibiting the reuptake of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin by nerve cells. The effectiveness of antidepressants appear after approximately two weeks following recommended adminsitration schedule. Gradual changes are thought to occur in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, involved in emotion regulation as part of the limbic system, as receptor sensitivity is enhanced. While α1 and β1 receptors are sensitized, α2 receptors are desensitized (leading to increased noradrenaline production). Tricyclics are also reported to alter the perceptions of pain, including neuropathic or neuralgic pain, so they may exhibit analgesic properties. The mechanism of action behind this analgesic property is not fully understood; however, it is thought to involve modulation of endogenous opioid systems in the CNS via an indirect serotonergic route. Tricyclic antidepressants are also effective in relieving migraine prophylaxis, but not in abortion of acute migraine attack, potentially via their serotonergic effects.
| Trade Name | Vivactil |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Protriptyline |
| Protriptyline Other Names | Amimetilina, Protriptilina, Protriptylin, Protriptyline, Protriptylinum |
| Related Drugs | Rexulti, sertraline, trazodone, Lexapro, Zoloft, citalopram, Cymbalta |
| Weight | 10mg, 5mg, |
| Type | Oral Tablet, Oral |
| Formula | C19H21N |
| Weight | Average: 263.3767 Monoisotopic: 263.167399677 |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Vivactil is a tricyclic antidepressant that is indicated in the treatment of depression only under close clinical supervision.
For the treatment of depression.
Vivactil is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Depression
How Vivactil works
Vivactil acts by decreasing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (5-HT).
Toxicity
Side effects include anxiety, blood disorders, confusion, decreased libido, dizziness, flushing, headache, impotence, insomnia, low blood pressure, nightmares, rapid or irregular heartbeat, rash, seizures, sensitivity to sunlight, stomach and intestinal discomfort, sedation, hypotension, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, postural hypotension, tachycardia, hypertension, ECG changes, heart failure, impaired memory and delirium, and precipitation of hypomanic or manic episodes in bipolar depression. Withdrawal symptoms include gastrointestinal disturbances, anxiety, and insomnia.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Vivactil Alcohol interaction
[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID:
Concomitant use of ethanol and a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) may result altered TCA plasma levels and efficacy, and additive impairment of motor skills, especially driving skills.
Acute ethanol ingestion may inhibit TCA metabolism, while chronic ingestion of large amounts of ethanol may induce hepatic TCA metabolism.
Patients should be advised to avoid alcohol during TCA therapy.
Alcoholics who have undergone detoxification should be monitored for decreased TCA efficacy.
Dosage adjustments may be required.
Vivactil Drug Interaction
Major: duloxetine, vortioxetine, sertralineModerate: aripiprazole, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, diphenhydramine, dicyclomine, clonazepam, pregabalin, metoprolol, armodafinil, levothyroxine, cetirizineUnknown: ubiquinone, rosuvastatin, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, linaclotide, polyethylene glycol 3350, cyanocobalamin, cholecalciferol
Vivactil Disease Interaction
Major: anticholinergic effects, cardiovascular disease, pheochromocytoma, acute myocardial infarction recovery, cardiovascular disease, depression, seizure disordersModerate: bone marrow suppression, diabetes, renal/liver disease, schizophrenia/bipolar disorder, tardive dyskinesia, acute alcohol intoxication, bipolar disorder screening, glaucoma, hyper/hypoglycemia, liver/renal disease, neutropenia, schizophrenia, thyroid disorders, urinary retention
Elimination Route
Vivactil is reported to undergo cumulative urinary excretion during 16 days, which accounts for approximately 50% of the total drug administered. The fecal excretion pathway seems to play a minimal role in drug elimination.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Vivactil
