Whilst
Whilst Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Whilst is an anti-ischemic (anti-anginal) metabolic agent, which improves myocardial glucose utilization through inhibition of long-chain 3-ketoacyl CoA thiolase activity, which results in a reduction in fatty acid oxidation and a stimulation of glucose oxidation. High fatty acid oxidation rates are detrimental during ischemia due to an inhibition of glucose oxidation leading to uncoupling of glycolysis and an increase in proton production, which has the potential to accelerate sodium and calcium overload in the heart. This leads to an exacerbation of ischemic injury and decreased cardiac efficiency during reperfusion.
Whilst is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of stable angina pectoris in patients inadequately controlled or intolerant to first line therapies. Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of use with reduced renal or hepatic function, worsening of extrapyramidal symptoms or other movement disorders, and risk of falls.
| Trade Name | Whilst |
| Generic | Trimetazidine |
| Trimetazidine Other Names | Trimetazidina, Trimetazidine |
| Type | |
| Formula | C14H22N2O3 |
| Weight | Average: 266.341 Monoisotopic: 266.163042576 |
| Protein binding | Trimetazidine is 15% protein bound in plasma. Trimetazidine can bind to human serum albumin. |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | Other Anti-anginal & Anti-ischaemic drugs |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | Philippines |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Long-term treatment of Ischaemic heart disease (angina pectoris, sequelae of infarction).
Whilst is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Angina Pectoris, Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris, Dizziness, Tinnitus, Decreased visual acuity caused by Vascular Disorders
How Whilst works
During myocardial ischemia, anaerobic metabolism takes over, increasing levels of lactic acid. The decreased intracellular pH and increased concentration of protons activates sodium-hydrogen and sodium-calcium antiport systems, raising intracellular calcium concentrations, finally leading to decreased contractility.
This injury to the myocardium raises concentrations of catecholamines, which activate hormone sensitive lipase, and increasing fatty acid concentrations in plasma. When the myocardium is repurfused, fatty acid oxidation becomes the dominant form of ATP production, maintaining an acidic pH, and further exacerbating the injury.
The mechanism of action of trimetazidine is not fully understood. Whilst may inhibit mitochondrial 3-ketoacyl coenzyme A thiolase, decreasing long chain fatty acid β-oxidation but not glycolysis in the myocardium. The decreased long chain fatty acid β-oxidation is compensated for by increased use of glucose, preventing a lowered myocardial pH, and further decreases in contractility. However, another study suggests that 3-ketoacyl coenzyme A thiolase may not be trimetazidine's target, and that this mechanism may be incorrect.
Dosage
Whilst dosage
One 20 mg tablet thrice daily after meals. No dosage adjustments are required in patients with impaired renal and hepatic function.
One 35 mg modified release tablet twice daily at mealtimes in the morning and evening.
Side Effects
Whilst is safe and well tolerated. The most commonly encountered side effects are gastric discomfort, nausea, headache and vertigo. However, the side effects are mild and non-specific.
Toxicity
Data regarding overdoses of trimetazidine are not readily available. Treat overdoses with symptomatic and supportive therapy.
The oral LD50 in rats is 1700 mg/kg, and in mice is 1550 mg/kg. The subcutaneous LD50 in rats is 1500 mg/kg, and in mice is 410 mg/kg.
Interaction
No drug interactions have so far been reported. In particular, no interactions of Whilst with beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, nitrates, heparin, hypolipidemic agents or digitalis have been reported.
Food Interaction
- Take with food. Take during a meal.
- Take with plain water. Take with a glass of water.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of trimetazidine is 4.8 L/kg.
Elimination Route
In elderly patients, a 35 mg oral modified release tablet reaches a mean Cmax of 115 µg/L, with a Tmax of 2.0-5.0 hours, and a mean AUC0-12 of 1104 h*µg/L. In young, healthy patients, the same dose reaches a mean Cmax of 91.2 µg/L, with a Tmax of 2.0-6.0 hours, and an AUC0-12h 720 h*µg/L.
Half Life
In young, healthy subjects, the half life of trimetazidine is 7.81 hours. In patients over 65, the half life increases to 11.7 hours.
Clearance
Whilst clearance is strongly correlated with creatinine clearance. In eldery patients with a creatinine clearance of 72 ± 8 mL/min, trimetazidine clearance was 15.69 L/h. In young, healthy patients with a creatinine clearance of 134 ± 18 mL/min, trimetazidine clearance was 25.2 L/h.
Elimination Route
Whilst is 79-84% eliminated in the urine, with 60% as the unchanged parent compound. In a study of 4 healthy subjects, individual metabolites made up 0.01-1.4% of the dose recovered in urine. In the urine, 2-desmethyltrimetazidine made up 0-1.4% of the recovered dose, 3- and 4-desmethyltrimetazidine made up 0.039-0.071% each, N-methyltrimetazidine made up 0.015-0.11%, trimetazidine ketopiperazine made up 0.011-0.4%, N-formyltrimetazidine made up 0.035-0.42%, N-acetyltrimetazidine made up 0.016-0.19%, desmethyl trimetazidine O-sulphate made up 0.01-0.65%, and an unknown metabolite made up0.026-0.67%.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy: Studies in animals have not demonstrated a teratogenic effect. However, in the absence of clinical data and for safety reasons, prescription should be avoided during pregnancy.
Nursing Mothers: There is no information on the secretion of Whilst into breast milk. However, breast feeding should be discontinued if the use of Whilst is considered essential.
Contraindication
Hypersensitivity to Whilst Dihydrochloride.
Storage Condition
Store in a cool and dry place, protect from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Whilst
Whilst contains Trimetazidine see full prescribing information from innovator Whilst Monograph, Whilst MSDS, Whilst FDA label
FAQ
What is Whilst used for?
Whilst used to prevent and treat the symptoms of angina (chest pain).
How safe is Whilst?
Whilst has been generally very well tolerated in clinical trials and usually only isolated cases of adverse events were observed during Whilst treatment.
What are the common side effects of Whilst?
The most common side effects are include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, and myalgia. The drug can induce or increase parkinsonian symptoms: extrapyramidal rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor.
Is Whilst safe during pregnancy?
The potential risk for humans is unknown.Whilst should not be taken during pregnancy unless clearly necessary.
Is Whilst safe during breastfeeding?
This medicinal product is generally not recommended during breastfeeding.Lactation It is unknown whether Whilst is excreted in human or animal breast milk.
Does Whilst effect my kidney?
Whilst is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment.
When should I take Whilst?
The recommended dose of Whilst is one tablet to be taken two times a day during meals in the morning and evening.For patients with moderate renal impairment and the elderly, the dose should be reduced.
Is Whilst good for the heart?
Whilst improves cardiac function by improving hemodynamics.
Can I take Whilst once a day?
Whilst is taken twice, or three times, each day. A new altered form of Whilst, which can be taken once a day, may improve patient-satisfaction.
Does Whilst lower heart rate?
The dose of Whilst does not affect hemodynamic stability, heart rate, blood pressure and speed-pressure multiplication, and it exerts no negative inotropic effect.
How long can I take Whilst?
Whilst usual treatment for up to 18 months was well tolerated and induced a functional improvement in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Can I stop taking Whilst?
Whilst must be taken regularly for it to be effective. Continue taking this medicine even when you feel better. Do not stop taking it unless instructed by the doctor.
What happens if you stop taking Whilst?
Discontinuing Whilst treatment in people with Parkinson's disease may lessen their motor and non-motor symptoms and improve their quality of life, a study has found.
What is the benefit of taking Whilst?
the benefit of taking Whilst helps to maintain the energy metabolism of heart muscle cells, protecting them from the effects of reduced oxygen supply.
What happen if I miss Whilst?
If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Then take your next dose at the usual time. Do not take two doses to make up for the missed dose.
Does Whilst lower heart rate?
The dose of Whilst does not affect hemodynamic stability, heart rate, blood pressure and speed-pressure multiplication, and it exerts no negative inotropic effect.
Can Whilst cause drowsiness?
Whilst does not have haemodynamic effects in clinical studies, however cases of dizziness and drowsiness have been observed in post-marketing experienc.
