Xyrem

Xyrem Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Xyrem (Xyrem) is a central nervous system depressant used for the treatment of cataplexy and extreme daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy. It is the sodium salt of gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) which is an endogenous compound and a metabolite of the neurotransmitter GABA. The exact mechanism of action for treating EDS and cataplexy is not known but is is hypothesised that its therapeutic effects are due to GABA(B) effects on noradrenergic, dopaminaergic and thalamocorticol neurons. The drug follows non-linear pharmacokinetics. As it has been associated with misuse/abuse it is strictly controlled and all patients and prescribers must enroll in the sodium oxybate REMs program in order to gain access to the medication.

Xyrem works through an unknown mechanism to treat narcolepsy by inducing sleep within about 5-15 minutes of administration.

Xyrem
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Xyrem
Generic	Sodium oxybate
Sodium oxybate Other Names	Oxybate sodium, Sodium oxybate
Weight	500mg/ml,
Type	Solution, Oral Liquid
Formula	C₄H₇NaO₃
Weight	Average: 126.087 Monoisotopic: 126.02928837
Protein binding	Less then 1% is protein bound at concentrations ranging from 3 mcg/L to 300 mcg/L.
Groups	Approved
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer	Ucb Pharma Limited, Ucb Pharma Ltd, Ucb, Ucb-pharma
Available Country	Canada, United Kingdom, United States, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland,
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Xyrem is a central nervous system depressant used to treat cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy.

For the treatment of cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy.

Xyrem is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Cataplexy, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

How Xyrem works

The exact mechanism of action is unknown. It is the sodium salt of the endogenous compound gamma hydroxybutyrate which is a metabolite of the GABA neurotransmitter and it's thought that it's therapeutic effects are mediated via GABA B actions at noradrenergic, dopaminergic and thalamocortical neurons.

Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose may include; depressed consciousness that may fluctuate rapidly between a confusional, agitated combative state with ataxia and coma, emesis, diaphoresis, headache and impaired psychomotor skills. Depth of coma varies with the amount ingested and myoclonus and tonic-clonic seizures have been reported. Oral LD50 of 9690mg/kg in rats .

Food Interaction

Avoid alcohol.
Take separate from meals. Take sodium oxybate at least 2 hours after eating for optimal absorption.

Volume of Distribution

Vd of 37.7-67.7

Elimination Route

Absolute bioavailability is approximately 88%. Tmax of 30.7-51.9min .

Half Life

0.5 to 1 hour.

Clearance

Total clearance of 895-1361mL/min .

Elimination Route

The major metabolite is carbon dioxide which is cleared by expiration, less then 5% appears as the unchanged drug in the urine within 6-8 hours after dosing.