Zella
Zella Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Boric acid, also known as hydrogen borate, is a weak monobasic Lewis acid of boron with the chemical formula H3BO3. Boric acid is typically utilized in industrial processing and manufacturing, but is also used as an additive in pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, lotions, soaps, mouthwash, toothpaste, astringents, and eyewashes . It is known to exhibit some antibacterial activity against infections such as bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis .
Boric acid exhibits minimal bacteriostatic and antifungal activities . Boric acid is likely to mediate antifungal actions at high concentrations over prolonged exposures .
Undecylenate, or undecylenic acid, is an unsaturated fatty acid with a terminal double bond that is derived from castor oil. Undecylenic acid is also found naturally in the human sweat. It is used as a precursor in the manufacture of aromatic chemicals, polymers or modified silicones . Undecylenic acid was first isolated from the products of distillation of castor oil in 1877 via pyrolysis of ricinoleic acid, and has been polymerized for vinyl production . It it suggested that many organic fatty acids exert fungicidal or fungistatic actions. Undecylenic acid also possesses antifungal properties, but is never used on its own for antifungal purposes. Salts of undecylenate are found in topical over-the-counter or mixture products as antifungal agents. Zinc undecylenate is an example of a topical antifungal agent that treats skin infections such as athlete’s foot and relieves itching, burning, and irritation associated with the skin condition. Due to its bifunctional properties, undecylenate is also used as a linking molecule to conjugate other biomolecules such as proteins. It serves as an acid moiety for anabolic steroid boldenone.
Zinc undecylendate acts as a fungistatic agent but fungicidal activity may be observed with chronic exposure in high concentrations . It is effective against Candida albicans . It is proposed that undecylenic acid exerts antimicrobial actions via interacting with nonspecific components in the cell membrane .
| Trade Name | Zella |
| Generic | Boric Acid + Undecylenic Acid |
| Type | Lotion |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | Intra Life Pvt Ltd |
| Available Country | India |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
No FDA- or EMA-approved therapeutic indications on its own.
Undecylenic acid is an antifungal used to treat tinea species infections.
Indicated for the treatment of fungal infections as a salt form. No therapeutic indications on its own.
Zella is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Acne, Asthenopia, Ocular Irritation, Skin Mycoses, Eye discomfort, Skin disinfection, Irrigation of the ocular surface therapyRingworm, Tinea Pedis
How Zella works
Information regarding the mechanism of action of boric acid in mediating its antibacterial or antifungal actions is limited. Boric acid inhibits biofilm formation and hyphal transformation of Candida albicans, which are critical virulence factors . In addition, arrest of fungal growth was observed with the treatment of boric acid .
Undecylenic acid demonstrated effectiveness against Candida albicans, which is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast with two cellular morphologies: the round yeast form and the filamentous form with elongated hyphae. Hyphae formation is associated with active infections and virulence . A study proposed that undecylenic acid inhibits biofilm formation of Candida albicans with optimal concentration above 3 mM and disrupts hyphal growth, which is the morphological transition from yeast to filamentous phase, at concentration above 4 mM . Under the drug treatment, hyphal formation related genes, like HWP1, were significantly reduced in transcriptional level leading to poor biofilm formation . Both biofilm and hyphae formation are critical virulence factors for the initiation of skin infection and late development of disseminated infection . Undecylenic acid may also inhibit enzyme involved in lipid metabolism and abolish germ tube formation by carrying protons across the plasma membrane, thus altering cytoplasmic pH .
Toxicity
Acute oral LD50 is 2660 mg/kg in rat . Individuals are likely to be exposed to boric acid from industrial manufacturing or processing. Local tissue injury from boric acid exposure is likely due to caustic effects. Systemic effects from boric acid poisoning usually occur from multiple exposures over a period of days and involve gastrointestinal, dermal, CNS, and renal manifestations. Gastrointestinal toxicity include persistent nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain, hematemesis, and blue-green discoloration of the feces and vomit . Following the onset of GI symptoms, a characteristic intense generalized erythroderma follows . Management of mild to moderate toxicity should be supportive. In case of severe toxicity, dialysis may be required in addition to supportive treatment.
Acute oral LD50 in rat and mouse are 2500 mg/kg and 8150 mg/kg, respectively . Acute dermal LD50 in guinea pig and rat are 50 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg, respectively . There are no data available on the carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity and developmental toxicity of undecylenate .
Oral overdosage may lead to gastrointestinal disturbances, and may affect central nervous system (excitement, somnolence, muscle contraction or spasticity, headache, dizziness), and metabolism (loss of appetite). Prolonged or repeated exposure to undecylenate may cause anorexia or weight loss .
Volume of Distribution
Volume of distribution ranges from 0.17 to 0.5 L/kg in humans, where large amounts of boric acid are localized in brain, liver, and kidney .
No information regarding volume of distribution.
Elimination Route
Boric acid is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, open wounds, and serous cavities but displays limited absorption in intact skin . Following intraperitoneal injection in mice, the peak concentration was reached in about 1.0-1.5 hr in the brain whereas the value was 0.5 hr in other tissues .
Undecylenic acid may be absorbed through the skin .
Half Life
According to human cases of poisoning, the elimination half-life of boric acid ranges from 13 to 24 hours .
No information regarding half-life.
Clearance
A case report of acute boric acid poisoning following oral ingestion of 21 g of boric acid presents the total body clearance of 0.99 L/h before hemodialysis .
No information regarding clearance.
Elimination Route
Regardless the route of administration, boric acid predominantly undergoes rapid renal excretion of >90% of total administered dose as unchanged form. Small amounts are also excreted into sweat, saliva, and feces. Following administration as ointment, urinary excretion of boric acid accounted for only 1% of the administered dose .
No information regarding route of elimination.
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