Zicoplanin
Zicoplanin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Zicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that has shown in vitro bactericidal activity against both anaerobic and aerobic gram-positive organisms. Zicoplanin inhibits the growth of susceptible organisms by interfering with cell-wall biosynthesis at a site different from that affected by beta-lactams. It is active against staphylococci (including those resistant to methicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics), streptococci, enterococci, Listeria monocytogenes, micrococci, group JK corynebacteria and gram-positive anaerobes including Clostridium difficile and peptococci.
It is a glycopeptide antiobiotic extracted from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus, with a similar spectrum of activity to vancomycin. Its mechanism of action is to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. Oral teicoplanin has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of pseudomembranous colitis and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea, with comparable efficacy to vancomycin.
| Trade Name | Zicoplanin |
| Generic | Teicoplanin |
| Teicoplanin Other Names | Teichomycin A2, Teicoplanin, teicoplanina, téicoplanine, teicoplaninum |
| Type | Injection |
| Protein binding | 90% to 95% |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | Miscellaneous Antibiotics |
| Manufacturer | Macleods Pharmaceuticals |
| Available Country | India |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Zicoplanin injection is used for the treatment of serious infections due to staphylococci or streptococci. Following infections are treated more satisfactorily-
- Prevention of infection (usually after surgery)
- Oesteomyelitis
- Septic arthritis
- Septicaemia
- Inflammation of the lining of the heart cavity and heart valves due to endocarditis
- Treatment of serious staphylococcal bacterial infections
- Non-cardiac bacteremia
- Dialysis associated peritonitis
- Severe infections-RTI, UTI, SSTI etc.
Zicoplanin is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Angina Pectoris, Anginal Pain, Bacteremia, Bloodstream Infections, Bone and Joint Infections, Clostridium Difficile, Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI), Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Complicated Urinary Tract Infection, Infectious Endocarditis, Lower Respiratory Tract and Lung Infections, Non-complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Nosocomial Pneumonia, Peritonitis, Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Urinary Tract Infection
How Zicoplanin works
Zicoplanin inhibits peptidoglycan polymerization, resulting in inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis and cell death.
Dosage
Zicoplanin dosage
Adult or elderly patients with normal renal function:
Intravenously: Intravenous injection may be administered by rapid injection over 3-5 minutes, or slowly over a 30 minutes infusion by diluting with 0.9% Sodium Chloride or Hartmanns Solution or 5% Dextrose etc.
Intramascularly: An intramuscular injection of Zicoplanin should not exceed 3 ml at a single site.
3 ml water for injection should be added slowly down the side wall of the vial of Zicoplanin 200 mg or 400 mg. The vial should be rolled gently between the palms until the powder is completely dissolved. During the rolling, we have to be cautious about the solution that it does not become foamy. The solution must not be shaken. If foam formed then it should be allowed to stand for 15 minutes for the foam to be subsided. The entire contents from the vial should be withdrawn slowly into a syringe.
Side Effects
Zicoplanin is generally well tolerated. Serious side-effects are rare. Side-effects are gastrointestinal like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, CNS associated with urticaria, rash, anaphylactic shock as well as hearing problems like vertigo, tinnitus and vestibular disorder may occur.
Precaution
Zicoplanin should be administered with caution in patients with renal insufficiency, patients who require concurrent use of drugs which have ototoxic and/or nephrotoxic properties.
Interaction
Zicoplanin should be administered with caution in patients receiving concurrent nephrotoxic or ototoxic drugs such as Aminoglycosides, Amphotericin B, Cyclosporine and Frusemide.
Elimination Route
Zicoplanin is poorly absorbed after oral administration but is 90% bioavailable when administered intramuscularly.
Half Life
70-100 hours
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women about administration of Zicoplanin; this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Information about the excretion of Zicoplanin in milk is not known.
Contraindication
Zicoplanin is contraindicated in patients who have exhibited previous hypersensitivity to Zicoplanin.
Special Warning
Patients with renal impairment: For patients with impaired renal function, reduction of dosage is not required until the fourth day of Zicoplanin treatment. From the fourth day of treatment-
In mild renal insufficiency: Zicoplanin dose should be halved either by administering the initial unit dose every two days, or by administering half of this dose once a day when creatinine clearance is 40-60 ml/min.
In severe renal insufficiency: Zicoplanin dose should be 1/3 of the normal either by administering the initial unit dose every third day or by administering 1/3 of this dose once a day when creatinine clearance is less than 40 ml/min and in haemodialysed patients. Zicoplanin is not removed by dialysis.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Zicoplanin
FAQ
What is Zicoplanin used for?
Zicoplanin is an antibiotic used in the prophylaxis and treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis.
How safe is Zicoplanin?
Zicoplanin is generally regarded as a safe drug. Rates of adverse events and nephrotoxicity have been reported more frequently in individuals receiving vancomycin than those receiving Zicoplanin. Zicoplanin is nephrotoxic in animals, although at much higher doses than those used in humans.
What are the side effects of Zicoplanin?
Some of the common and major side effects of Zicoplanin are include:
- Pain or swelling in the injection site
- Fever
- Itching
- Skin Rash
- Erythema
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Nausea
- Abscess
Is Zicoplanin safe during pregnancy?
Zicoplanin should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly necessary. A potential risk of inner ear and renal damage to the foetus cannot be excluded.
Is Zicoplanin safe during breastfeeding?
Zicoplanin is not orally absorbed it is unlikely to adversely affect the breastfed infant. One infant was safely breastfed during maternal therapy with Zicoplanin.
How to use Zicoplanin?
- Most patients are given two doses of Zicoplanin, 12 hours apart, on the first day of treatment. The majority of patients will only receive one dose per day.
- The daily dosage depends on the type of infection and it may vary between 6 mg and 12 mg. If you have a blood infection, you would most likely need to get a regular Targo Zicoplanin cid injection for 2 to 4 weeks. If you have an infection in your bones or joints, you may need to take the drug every day for 3 to 6 weeks.
What happens if I miss the Zicoplanin?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible. If it’s time for the next scheduled dosage, it is best to skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose to compensate for a missed dose.
Can I overdose on Zicoplanin?
In case of an overdose talk to your doctor immediately.
Since this drug is delivered by a healthcare provider in a hospital, the risk of an overdose is extremely low. If an overdose is suspected, however, the doctor will initiate emergency medical care.
Is Zicoplanin safe in penicillin allergy?
Zicoplanin is now the standard of care for most orthopaedic operations, as well as some cardiac, breast, gastrointestinal, vascular, and plastic surgeries. In cases of penicillin allergy, it is often used as a second-line treatment.
Can I drink alcohol with Zicoplanin ?
It's sensible to avoid drinking alcohol when taking medication or feeling unwell. But it's unlikely that drinking alcohol in moderation will cause problems if you're taking most common antibiotics.
Is Zicoplanin a penicillin?
Zicoplanin is now first line prophylactic therapy for most orthopaedic work, some cardiac, breast, gastrointestinal, vascular and plastic procedures. It is frequently used as second line therapy in penicillin allergy.
Can I drive after taking Zicoplanin?
You may have headaches or feel dizzy while being treated with Zicoplanin. If this happens, do not drive or use any tools or machines.
When should Zicoplanin levels be taken?
Take teicoplanin trough plasma level directly before 6th dose is given.
What happens if I shake Zicoplanin?
Do not shake the vial as the solution will form a foam. If the solution does foam, leave it to stand, the foam will take 10 - 15 minutes to reduce. Only draw up when the foam has settled.
Can I take Zicoplanin for a long time?
For infective endocarditis a minimum of 21 days is usually considered appropriate. Treatment should not exceed 4 months.
What is the half-life of Zicoplanin?
Elimination half-life of Zicoplanin varies from 100 to 170 hours in the most recent studies where blood sampling duration is about 8 to 35 days.
How do I take Zicoplanin?
Zicoplanin should be administered by the intravenous or intramuscular route. The intravenous injection may be administered either as a bolus over 3 to 5 minutes or as a 30-minute infusion.
What are the indications of Zicoplanin?
Treatment of infections caused by susceptible gram-positive bacteria; prophylaxis against gram- positive endocarditis in dental surgery; peritonitis . Dosage: On the first day, a dose of 6mg/kg (generally 400mg) is recommended.
Is Zicoplanin safe in renal failure?
Since Zicoplanin is mainly excreted by the kidney, the dose of Zicoplanin must be adapted in patients with renal impairment.
