Zinc chloride
Zinc chloride Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Zinc chloride is a solution of ions indicated for use in total parenteral nutrition to maintain zinc levels and prevent deficiency syndromes.
Zinc chloride was granted FDA approval before 26 June 1986.
Zinc is a cofactor in many enzymes and mediates a number of catalytic, structural, and regulatory roles in the body. It has a wide therapeutic index and long duration of action, as most zinc in the body is reabsorbed. Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of administration in patients with severe kidney dysfunction.
| Trade Name | Zinc chloride |
| Generic | Zinc chloride |
| Zinc chloride Other Names | Zinc chloride |
| Type | |
| Formula | Cl2Zn |
| Weight | Average: 136.315 Monoisotopic: 133.866851992 |
| Protein binding | Zinc is 70% protein bound in plasma, partially to serum albumin. |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Zinc chloride is a medication used to treat zinc deficiencies and associated symptoms and also in total parenteral nutrition.
Zinc chloride injections are indicated for use total parenteral nutrition to maintain zinc serum levels and prevent deficiency syndromes.
Zinc chloride is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Dietary Supplementations
How Zinc chloride works
Zinc performs catalytic, structural, and regulatory roles in the body. Zinc is a component of approximately 3000 human proteins.
Zinc is cytoprotective against reactive oxygen species mediated apoptosis through the action of metallothioneins.
In a promyelocytic leukemia cell line, zinc enhances the up-regulation of A20 mRNA, which, via the TRAF pathway, decreases NF-kappaB activation, leading to decreased gene expression and generation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 .
In patients with diarrhea, zinc restores mucosal barrier integrity, restores enterocyte brush-border enzyme activity, promotes the production of antibodies, and promotes the production of circulating lymphocytes against intestinal pathogens. Zinc also directly affects ion channels as a potassium channel blocker of cAMP-mediated chlorine secretion.
Zinc deficiency decreases thymulin, inhibiting T-helper cell maturation and decreased Th-1 cytokines like IL-2. Decreased IL-2 decreases the activity of NK cells and CD8+ T cells. Zinc deficiency also leads to the generation of CD4+ T cells, decreased NF-κB activation, decreased phosphorylation of IκB, and decreased binding of NF-κB to DNA.
Toxicity
Patients experiencing and overdose may present with hypotension, pulmonary edema, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice, and oligouria. Overdose can be managed through symptomatic and supportive treatment which may include sodium calcium edetate and analgesics.
The oral LD50 in mice is 329 mg/kg and in rats is 350 mg/kg.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Elimination Route
Zinc is approximately 33% orally bioavailable in humans but bioavailability can vary between patients and depending on current zinc levels. Further data regarding the pharmacokinetics of zinc chloride are not readily available.
Half Life
Using a two compartment model, zinc has once half life of 4.5-26 days and a second half life of 387-478 days.
Clearance
In one study of healthy patients, the clearance of zinc was found to be 0.63 ± 0.39 μg/min.
Elimination Route
Zinc is predominantly eliminated in the feces. Gastrointestinal elimination of zinc is responsible for approximately half of all zinc elimination.
Innovators Monograph
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