Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine. It is characterized by abdominal pain, cramping, bloating, gas, constipation, and/or diarrhea. It is estimated that up to 15% of the population suffers from IBS.
Signs and Symptoms of IBS
The most common symptom of IBS is abdominal pain or discomfort. Other symptoms include:
- Changes in bowel habits, either constipation or diarrhea
- Bloating and excessive gas
- Mucus in the stool
- Feeling of incomplete evacuation
Causes of IBS
The exact cause of IBS is unknown. However, factors that may contribute to IBS include:
- Gut dysfunction: A disconnect between the gut and the brain can cause abnormal digestion and movement of food through the intestines
- Gut microbiota: An imbalance of bacteria in the gut known as dysbiosis can cause changes in the immune system and digestions
- Food sensitivities: Certain foods may trigger IBS responses such as diarrhea or constipation
- Stress: Stress can worsen the symptoms of IBS
Treatment for IBS
Treatment for IBS depends on the individual and the types and severity of their symptoms. Common treatments include:
- Diet modifications: Avoiding trigger foods, eating smaller meals, and keeping a food diary can help identify problem foods and improve IBS symptoms
- Medications: Medications such as antidiarrheals and antidepressants can be prescribed to help manage symptoms
- Stress management: Relaxation techniques such as meditation and deep breathing help reduce stress and its symptoms
- Exercise: Regular exercise helps relieve abdominal pain and reduce stress
Conclusion
IBS is a common disorder that can be managed with a combination of diet, lifestyle changes, and medications. It is important to speak to a healthcare provider about symptoms and treatment options.