Vascular spasm
What is Vascular Spasm?
Vascular spasm is a common disorder in which the walls of a blood vessel suddenly become tighter, restricting or decreasing blood flow. It is believed to occur when the inner muscles of a blood vessel contract suddenly, causing the vessel to narrow or even become completely blocked. Vascular spasms can be a symptom of a number of underlying disorders, or they can also occur without any underlying medical condition.
Causes of Vascular Spasm
Vascular spasm can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Medications that constrict blood vessels
- Hormone fluctuations
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
- Alcohol and caffeine consumption
- Stress and anxiety
- Dehydration
- Infections
Symptoms of Vascular Spasm
The signs and symptoms of vascular spasm depend on which blood vessel is affected. Some common symptoms include:
- A pale, cool, or clammy feeling of the skin
- Pain, numbness, or tingling in the affected area
- A feeling of tightness or pressure
- Weakness, dizziness, or confusion
- Shortness of breath or chest pain
Diagnosis of Vascular Spasm
Your doctor may use a variety of tests and examinations to diagnose vascular spasm, such as:
- Ultrasound and other imaging tests
- Blood tests
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Doppler imaging
- Arteriography
Treatment of Vascular Spasm
Treatment for vascular spasm depends on the underlying cause. Common treatments include:
- Medications to control blood pressure, cholesterol, and other factors that can lead to vascular spasm
- Anticoagulants to prevent clotting
- Surgery to open or bypass blocked or narrowed blood vessels
- Physical therapy and lifestyle changes to improve circulation
- Relaxation techniques to reduce stress and anxiety