Amino Acid + Dextrose + Eloctrolytes
Amino Acid + Dextrose + Eloctrolytes Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
1000 ml contains: L-Isoleucine: 10.40 gm L-Leucine: 13.09 gm L-Lysine monoacetate: 9.71 gm L-Lysine 6.88 gm L-Methionine 1.1 gm Acetylcysteine 0.70 gm L-Cysteine 0.52 gm L-Phenylalanine 0.88 gm L-Threonine 4.40 gm L-Tryptophan 0.70 gm L-Valine 10.08 gm Arginine 10.72 gm L-Histidine 2.80 gm Aminoacetic acid 5.82 gm L-Alanine 4.64 gm L-Proline 5.73 gm L-Serine 2.24 gm Glacial acetic acid 4.42 gm Water for Injections q.s.Dextrose is a monosaccharide that is used as a source of calories and water for hydration. It helps to reduce loss of body protein and nitrogen. It also promotes glycogen deposition in the liver. When used with insulin, it stimulates the uptake of potassium by cells, especially in muscle tissue, thus lowering serum potassium levels.
Blood glucose is an obligatory energy source in humans involved in various cellular activities, and it also acts as a signalling molecule for diverse glucose-sensing molecules and proteins. Glucose undergoes oxidation into carbon dioxide, water and yields energy molecules in the process of glycolysis and subsequent citric cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Glucose is readily converted into fat in the body which can be used as a source of energy as required. Under a similar conversion into storage of energy, glucose is stored in the liver and muscles as glycogen. Glucose stores are mobilized in a regulated manner, depending on the tissues' metabolic demands. Oral glucose tablets or injections serve to increase the supply of glucose and oral glucose administration is more effective in stimulating insulin secretion because it stimulates the incretin hormones from the gut, which promotes insulin secretion.
| Trade Name | Amino Acid + Dextrose + Eloctrolytes |
| Generic | Amino Acid + Dextrose + Eloctrolytes |
| Type | |
| Therapeutic Class | Parenteral nutritional preparations |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | Bangladesh |
| Last Updated: | September 24, 2024 at 5:38 am |
Uses
Supplement for intravenous nutrition
Amino Acid + Dextrose + Eloctrolytes is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Arrhythmia, Caloric Deficit, Edema of the cerebrum, Metabolic Alkalosis, Hypoglycemic reaction, Blood Specimen Collection, Electrolyte replacement, Nutritional supplementation, Parenteral Nutrition, Parenteral rehydration therapy, Plasmapheresis, Positive cardiac inotropic effect, Total parenteral nutrition therapy, Urine alkalinization therapy, Fluid and electrolyte maintenance therapy
How Amino Acid + Dextrose + Eloctrolytes works
Glucose supplies most of the energy to all tissues by generating energy molecules ATP and NADH during a series of metabolism reactions called glycolysis. Glycolysis can be divided into 2 main phases where the preparatory phase is initiated by the phosphorylation of glucose by a hexokinase to form glucose 6-phosphate. The addition of the high-energy phosphate group activates glucose for subsequent breakdown in later steps of glycolysis and is the rate-limiting step. Products end up as substrates for following reactions, to ultimately convert C6 glucose molecule into two C3 sugar molecules. These products enter the energy-releasing phase where total of 4ATP and 2NADH molecules are generated per one glucose molecule. The total aerobic metabolism of glucose can produce up to 36 ATP molecules. This energy-producing reactions of glucose is limited to D-glucose as L-glucose cannot be phosphorlyated by hexokinase. Glucose can act as precursors to generate other biomolecules such as vitamin C. It plays a role as a signaling molecule to control glucose and energy homeostasis. Glucose can regulate gene transcription, enzyme activity, hormone secretion, and the activity of glucoregulatory neurons. The types, number and kinetics of glucose transporters expressed depends on the tissues and fine-tunes glucose uptake, metabolism, and signal generation in order to preserve cellular and whole body metabolic integrity .
Dosage
Amino Acid + Dextrose + Eloctrolytes dosage
For intravenous infusion. Usual dose: 1.0 to 1.25 ml/kg/hour. Max. dosage: 1.5 g amino acids/kg/day = 1300 ml/day at 70 kg body weight. Constant checking of serum electrolytes, fluid balance and acid-base balance is mandatory. Amino Acid 8% is used as long as required by therapy.The volume and rate of infusion of dextrose solution will depend upon the requirements of the individual patient and the judgement of the physician.
The maximum rate at which dextrose can be infused without producing glycosuria is 0.5 gm/kg/hr.
The usual recommended flow rate for adult is 10-35 drops per minute infused intravenously.
Intravenous-
Hyperkalaemia:
- Adult: 25-50 g combined with 10 units of regular insulin, administered over 30-60 minutes; may repeat if necessary. Alternatively, 25 g combined with 5-10 units of regular insulin infused over 5 minutes; may repeat if necessary.
- Child and infants: 0.5-1 g/kg (using 25% or 50% solution) combined with regular insulin (1 unit for every 4-5 g dextrose given); infuse over 2 hr, may repeat if necessary.
Intravenous-
Hypoglycaemia:
- Adult: 10-25 g (40-100 ml of 25% solution or 20-50 ml of 50% solution). Doses may be repeated in severe cases.
- Child: ≤6 mth: 0.25-0.5 g/kg/dose; >6 mth: 0.5-1 g/kg/dose. Doses may be repeated in severe cases. Max: 25 g/dose.
Oral-
Hypoglycaemia:
- Adult: 10-20 g as single dose; may repeat in 10 min if needed.
- Child: >2 yr: 10-20 g as single dose; may repeat in 10 min if needed.
It should not be administered by SC or IM route. Dextrose should be infused through the largest available peripheral vein.
Side Effects
Due to the special composition of this preparation, use in indications other than those recommended may result in amino acid imbalances and severe metabolic disorders.Venous thrombosis, phlebitis, hypovolemia, hypervolemia, dehydration, oedema, fever, mental confusion, unconsciousness, hyperosmolar syndrome, hyperglycaemia, hypokalaemia, acidosis, hypophosphataemia, hypomagnesemia, polyuria, glycosuria, ketonuria, nausea, diarrhoea, polydipsia, vein irritation, tissue necrosis, pulmonary oedema, tachypnoea.
Toxicity
Oral LD50 value in rats is 25800mg/kg. The administration of glucose infusions can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of the serum electrolyte concentrations, over-hydration, congested states, or pulmonary oedema. Hypersensitivity reactions may also occur including anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions from oral tablets and intravenous infusions.
Precaution
Concentrated dextrose solution should not be infused rapidly or for a long period. It may be hazardous in patients with impaired hepatic or renal function and severe sepsis.
Care should be taken to avoid circulatory overload, particularly in patients with cardiac insufficiency. Caution must be exercised in the administration of these injections to patients receiving corticosteroids or corticotropin. These injections should be used with caution in patients with overt or subclinical diabetes mellitus.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit. Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact.
Interaction
Because of the increased risk of microbiological contamination and incompatibilities, amino acid solutions should not be mixed with other drugs. Should it become necessary to add other nutrients like carbohydrates, lipid emulsions, electrolytes, vitamins or trace elements to Amino Acid 8% for complete nutrition, care should be given to hygienic admixing, good blending and, in particular, to compatibility.There is no drug drug interaction and none well documented.
Volume of Distribution
The mean volume of distribution after intravenous infusion is 10.6L.
Elimination Route
Polysaccharides can be broken down into smaller units by pancreatic and intestinal glycosidases or intestinal flora. Sodium-dependent glucose transporter SGLT1 and GLUT2 (SLC2A2) play predominant roles in intestinal transport of glucose into the circulation. SGLT1 is located in the apical membrane of the intestinal wall while GLUT2 is located in the basolateral membrane, but it was proposed that GLUT2 can be recruited into the apical membrane after a high luminal glucose bolus allowing bulk absorption of glucose by facilitated diffusion . Oral preparation of glucose reaches the peak concentration within 40 minutes and the intravenous infusions display 100% bioavailability.
Half Life
The approximate half-life is 14.3 minutes following intravenous infusion. Gut glucose half-life was markedly higher in females (79 ± 2 min) than in males (65 ± 3 min, P < 0.0001) and negatively related to body height (r = -0.481; P < 0.0001).
Clearance
The mean metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCR) for the 10 subjects studied at the higher insulin level was 2.27 ± 0.37 ml/kg/min at euglycemia and fell to 1.51±0.21 ml/kg/ at hyperglycemia. The mean MCR for the six subjects studied at the lower insulin level was 1.91 ± 0.31 ml/kg/min at euglyglycemia.
Elimination Route
Glucose can be renally excreted.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.
Contraindication
Disturbance of amino acid metabolism, metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, renal insufficiency, decompensated cardiac insufficiency, shock, hypoxia. No specific studies have been performed to assess the safety of Amino Acid 8% in pregnancy and lactation.Concentrated dextrose solution is contraindicated in patients with Glucose-Galactose Malabsorption Syndrome and severe hydration. The infusion of hypertonic dextrose injections is contraindicated in patients having intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage, in patients who are severely dehydrated, in patients who are anuric, and in patients in hepatic coma. Solutions containing dextrose may be contraindicated in patients with known allergy to corn or corn products.
Acute Overdose
Reevaluate patient's condition and institute appropriate symptomatic treatment.
Storage Condition
Amino Acid 8% should not be stored after the addition of other components. Do not store above 25°C. Do not freeze. Shelf Life: 36 months. Do not use Amino Acid after the expiry date. Do not use if the solution is cloudy or if the container is damaged. Keep out of the reach of children.Store at 25°C.
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