Amyl nitrite
Amyl nitrite Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Amyl nitrite is an antihypertensive medicine. Amyl nitrite is employed medically to treat heart diseases such as angina and to treat cyanide poisoning. Its use as a prescription medicine comes from its ability to lower blood pressure. As an inhalant, it also has psychoactive effect which has led to illegal drug use.
Amyl nitrite, in common with other alkyl nitrites, is a potent vasodilator. It expands blood vessels, resulting in lowering of the blood pressure. Alkyl nitrite functions as a source of nitric oxide, which signals for relaxation of the involuntary muscles. Adverse effects are related to this pharmacological activity and include hypotension, headache, flushing of the face, tachycardia, dizziness, and relaxation of involuntary muscles, especially the blood vessel walls and the anal sphincter.
| Trade Name | Amyl nitrite |
| Generic | Amyl Nitrite |
| Amyl Nitrite Other Names | 1-nitropentane, n-Amyl nitrite, n-pentyl nitrite, Nitramyl, pentyl nitrite |
| Type | |
| Formula | C5H11NO2 |
| Weight | Average: 117.1463 Monoisotopic: 117.078978601 |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Amyl nitrite is a fast acting vasodilator used for rapid relief of angina pectoris.
For the rapid relief of angina pectoris.
How Amyl nitrite works
Amyl nitrite's antianginal action is thought to be the result of a reduction in systemic and pulmonary arterial pressure (afterload) and decreased cardiac output because of peripheral vasodilation, rather than coronary artery dilation. Amyl nitrite is a source of nitric oxide, which accounts for the mechanism described above. As an antidote (to cyanide poisoning), amyl nitrite promotes formation of methemoglobin, which combines with cyanide to form nontoxic cyanmethemoglobin.
Toxicity
Overdose symptoms include nausea, emesis (vomiting), hypotension, hypoventilation, dyspnea (shortness of breath), and syncope (fainting)
Food Interaction
- Avoid alcohol. The use of alcohol with amyl nitrite may worsen hypotension and has the potential to cause cardiovascular collapse.
Elimination Route
Amyl nitrite vapors are absorbed rapidly through the pulmonary alveoli, manifesting therapeutic effects within one minute after inhalation.
Innovators Monograph
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