BACiiM
BACiiM Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
BACiiM is a combination of at least 9 bacitracins. 60-80% of commercially prepared bacitracin is bacitracin A. The bacillus that produces bacitracin was first isolated from a knee scrape in 1945 from the knee wound of a child named Margaret Tracy.
BACiiM was granted FDA approval on 29 July 1948.
BACiiM is a mixture of polypeptides that prevent the formation of the bacterial cell wall and oxidatively cleave DNA. It has a short duration of action as it must be given every 3 to 4 hours topically. BACiiM is nephrotoxic when given intramuscularly and may lead to renal failure.
| Trade Name | BACiiM |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Bacitracin |
| Bacitracin Other Names | Bacitracin, Bacitracin A, Bacitracina |
| Related Drugs | amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin |
| Type | Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution |
| Formula | C66H103N17O16S |
| Weight | Average: 1422.693 Monoisotopic: 1421.748941023 |
| Protein binding | Data regarding the protein binding of bacitracin in humans is not readily available. |
| Groups | Approved, Vet approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
BACiiM is a cyclic polypeptide antibiotic used to prevent wound infections, treat pneumonia and empyema in infants, and to treat skin and eye infections.
BACiiM is indicated in topical formulations for acute and chronic localized skin infections. Occasionally, it is also used intramuscularly for infantile streptococcal pneumonia and empyema. BACiiM is also formulated as an ointment with neomycin and polymyxin B for over the counter use. A bacitracin ointment formulated with neomycin and polymyxin B along with hydrocortisone is indicated for the treatment of corticosteroid responsive dermatoses with secondary infection.
BACiiM is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Acne, Bacterial Infections of the Intestine, Empyema, Eye Infections, Infected Wound, Infection, Inflammatory Reaction caused by Acne, Ocular Inflammatory Disease, Pneumonia, Skin Ulcer, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Infection in minor cuts, scrapes, or burns, Wound site
How BACiiM works
BACiiM binds to a divalent metal ion such as Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), or Zn(II). These complexes bind C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate, preventing the hydrolysis of a lipid dolichol pyrophosphate, which finally inhibits cell wall synthesis. BACiiM metal complexes also bind and oxidatively cleave DNA.
Toxicity
The oral LD50 of bacitracin in rats is >2000mg/kg.
Specific data regarding bacitracin overdoses is not readily available. An overdose of bacitracin may lead to nephrotoxicity and patients should be treated with supportive measures.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.BACiiM Drug Interaction
Unknown: diphenhydramine, diphenhydramine, docusate, docusate, levetiracetam, levetiracetam, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, polyethylene glycol 3350, polyethylene glycol 3350, sodium chloride, sodium chloride, acetaminophen, acetaminophen, cholecalciferol, cholecalciferol, ondansetron, ondansetron, cetirizine, cetirizine
BACiiM Disease Interaction
Volume of Distribution
Data regarding the volume of distribution of bacitracin in humans is not readily available.
Elimination Route
Topical, ophthalmic, and oral formulations of bacitracin are poorly absorbed systemically. Intramuscular bacitracin is readily and completely absorbed.
Half Life
Data regarding the half life of bacitracin in humans is not readily available.
Clearance
Data regarding the clearance of bacitracin in humans has not been well studied. A study of 9 subjects in 1947 shows a renal clearance of 105-283mL/min with an average renal clearance of 159mL/min.
Elimination Route
BACiiM is mainly excreted renally with 87% of and intramuscular dose being recovered in the urine after 6 hours.
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