Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine)
Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine) Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine) is derived and purified immunoglobulin fragments obtained from other domestic animals such as sheep previously immunized with Crotalus scutulatus (also known as the Mojave rattlesnake ).
The final purified antivenin product is obtained by mixing other different monospecific snake antivenins and isolating the antivenin of interest through fractionation and chromatography techniques. It is intravenously administered to limit systemic toxicity , , .
CROFAB (crotalidae polyvalent immune fab (ovine))is a sheep-derived antivenin used for the management of adult and pediatric patients with North American crotalid envenomation , which includes the Crotalus scutulatus snake (Mojave snake).
| Trade Name | Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine) |
| Generic | Crotalus scutulatus antivenin |
| Crotalus scutulatus antivenin Other Names | Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine) |
| Type | |
| Groups | Approved, Experimental |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine) is a mixture of antibodies used to treat venomous snake bites from Crotalus scutulatus (Mojave rattlesnake).
CROFAB is indicated for the management of adult and pediatric patients with North American crotalid envenomation. The term crotalid is used to describe the Crotalinae subfamily (formerly known as Crotalidae) of venomous snakes which includes rattlesnakes, copperheads and cottonmouths/water moccasins .
Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine) is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Venom poisoning caused by Crotalus scutulatus
How Crotalus scutulatus immune fab antivenin (ovine) works
CROFAB is a venom-specific Fab fragment of immunoglobulin G (IgG) that works by binding and neutralizing venom toxins, facilitating their redistribution away from target tissues and their elimination from the body
Toxicity
Ed50 for the Crotolus scutulatus snake evenomation is 8 mg antivenin/mg venom .
Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥5% of subjects) were urticaria, rash nausea, pruritus and back pain. Hypersensitivity reactions may also occur .
Hypersensitivity reactions can occur to substances derived from sheep plasma; anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions are possible, especially in patients with known allergies to sheep protein. Immediate treatment (including epinephrine 1 mg/mL) for anaphylaxis and/or hypersensitivity reactions must be available prior to administration. In cases of acute hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions, discontinue infusion and institute appropriate emergency treatment. Sensitization may occur with repeated doses of antivenin .
Drugs, such as crotalidae antivenin which are processed with papain, may lead to hypersensitivity reactions in patients allergic to papaya, other papaya extracts, papain, chymopapain, or the pineapple-enzyme bromelain. There may also be cross-allergenicity with dust mite and latex allergens .
Late serum reactions (rash, pruritus, urticaria, or serum sickness consisting of severe rash and pruritus) reported in 12% (5/42) of patients in initial clinical trials have been observed and delayed hypersensitivity or serum sickness reported in 5–11% of patients in other studies .
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Volume of Distribution
0.3 L/kg
Half Life
Approximately 15 hours
Clearance
32 mL/min (approximately 0.4 mL/min/kg)
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