DOTA-Gd

DOTA-Gd Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

DOTA-Gd is a macrocycle-structured gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. It is composed of the organic acid DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) used for its chelating properties, and gadolinium (Gd3+). As a paramagnetic molecule, gadoterate develops a magnetic moment when placed in a magnetic field. This magnetic moment enhances the relaxation rates of water protons in its vicinity, leading to an increase in signal intensity (brightness) of tissues. More specifically, it reduces the T1 relaxation time (and to some extent the T2 and T2* relaxation times) in NMR, which is the source of its clinical utility. Increased signal brightness allows it to be used in imaging of blood vessels and of inflamed or diseased tissue where the blood vessels become 'leaky'.

DOTA-Gd, as the FDA approved product Dotarem, is indicated for intravenous use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in brain (intracranial), spine and associated tissues in adult and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to detect and visualize areas with disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity.

Gadoterate affects proton relaxation times and consequently the MR signal, and the contrast obtained is characterized by the relaxivity of the gadoterate molecule. The relaxivity values for gadoterate are similar across the spectrum of magnetic field strengths used in clinical MRI (0.2 - 1.5 T).Gadoterate does not cross the intact blood-brain barrier and, therefore, does not enhance normal brain or lesions that have a normal blood-brain barrier, e.g. cysts, mature post-operative scars. However, disruption of the blood-brain barrier or abnormal vascularity allows distribution of gadoterate in lesions such as neoplasms, abscesses, and infarcts.

DOTA-Gd
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	DOTA-Gd
Generic	Gadoteric acid
Gadoteric acid Other Names	DOTA-Gd, Gadoterate, Gadoteric acid, Gd-DOTA
Type
Formula	C₁₆H₂₅GdN₄O₈
Weight	Average: 558.65 Monoisotopic: 559.09135
Protein binding	Gadoterate does not undergo protein binding in vitro.
Groups	Approved
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

DOTA-Gd is a diagnostic contrast agent used with magnetic resonance imaging to provide contrast enhancement for intracranial and spinal lesions with abnormal blood brain barrier or abnormal vascularity, and for whole body imaging.

DOTA-Gd is indicated for intravenous use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in brain (intracranial), spine and associated tissues in adult and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to detect and visualize areas with disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity.

How DOTA-Gd works

Gadoterate is a paramagnetic molecule that develops a magnetic moment when placed in a magnetic field. The magnetic moment enhances the relaxation rates of water protons in its vicinity, leading to an increase in signal intensity (brightness) of tissues. When placed in a magnetic field, gadoterate shortens the T1 and T2 relaxation times in target tissues.

Toxicity

The most frequent adverse reactions in clinical studies were nausea, headache, injection site pain, injection site coldness, and burning sensation. Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis has occurred in patients with impaired elimination of GBCAs.

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution at steady state of total gadolinium in normal subjects is 179 and 211 mL/kg in female and male subjects respectively, roughly equivalent to that of extracellular water.

Half Life

DOTA-Gd demonstrates a mean elimination half-life of about 1.4 hr and 2.0 hr in female and male subjects, respectively.

Clearance

In healthy subjects, the renal and total clearance rates of total gadolinium are comparable (1.27 and 1.74 mL/min/kg in females; and 1.40 and 1.64 mL/min/kg in males, respectively).