Ioxilane

Uses

Ioxilane is a diagnostic contrast agent used in various medical imaging procedures, such as angiography, urography, and computed tomographic scans.

When administered intra-arterially, Ioxilane is indicated for the following diagnostic tests: cerebral arteriography (300 mgI/mL), coronary arteriography and left ventriculography (350 mgI/mL), visceral angiography(350 mgI/mL), aortography(350 mgI/mL), and peripheral arteriography(350 mgI/mL). When administered intravenously, Ioxilane is indicated for excretory urography and contrast enhanced computed tomographic (CECT) imaging of the head and body (300 and 350 mgI/mL).

How Ioxilane works

Intravascular injection results in opacification of vessels in the path of flow of the contrast medium, permitting radiographic visualization of the internal structures of the human body until significant hemodilution occurs.

Toxicity

Renal toxicity has been reported in a few patients with liver dysfunction who were given an oral cholecystographic agent followed by intravascular contrast agents. Administration of any intravascular contrast agent should therefore be postponed in any patient with a known or suspected hepatic or biliary disorder who has recently received a cholecystographic contrast agent.

Other drugs should not be admixed with this product.

Pregnancy Category B

Ioxilane Hypertension interaction

[Moderate] In patients with advanced renal disease, iodinated contrast media should be used with caution, and only when the need for the examination dictates, since the excretion of the medium may be impaired.

Patients with combined renal and hepatic disease, severe hypertension or congestive heart failure, and those with recent renal transplant may present an additional risk.

Ioxilane Disease Interaction

Major: pheochromocytomaModerate: renal disease

Volume of Distribution

Ioxilane is distributed mainly in the blood as suggested by the apparent volume of distribution (central compartment), 7.2 ± 1.0 L in women and 10.0 ± 2.4 L in men

Elimination Route

Peak iodine plasma levels occur immediately following rapid intravenous injection. Iodine plasma levels fall rapidly within 5 to 10 minutes. This can be accounted for by the dilution in the vascular and extravascular fluid compartments.

Half Life

An initial fast distribution phase with a half-life of 13.1 ± 4.2 minutes (women) or 23.5 ± 15.3 minutes (men) was followed by an elimination phase with a half-life of 102.0 ± 16.9 minutes (women) and 137 ± 35.4 minutes (men).

Clearance

The total clearance values were 95.4 ± 11.1 mL·min-1 and 101.0 ± 14.7 mL·min-1 and the renal clearance values were 89.4 ± 13.3 mL·min-1 and 94.9 ± 16.6 mL·min-1 for women and men, respectively.

Elimination Route

The average amount of ioxilan excreted unchanged in urine at 24 hours represents 93.7% of the dose in young healthy subjects (21-27 years) after intravenous administration. This finding suggests that, compared to the renal excretion, biliary and/or gastrointestinal excretion are not important.

Innovators Monograph

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