dotarem
dotarem Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
dotarem is a macrocycle-structured gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. It is composed of the organic acid DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) used for its chelating properties, and gadolinium (Gd3+). As a paramagnetic molecule, gadoterate develops a magnetic moment when placed in a magnetic field. This magnetic moment enhances the relaxation rates of water protons in its vicinity, leading to an increase in signal intensity (brightness) of tissues. More specifically, it reduces the T1 relaxation time (and to some extent the T2 and T2* relaxation times) in NMR, which is the source of its clinical utility. Increased signal brightness allows it to be used in imaging of blood vessels and of inflamed or diseased tissue where the blood vessels become 'leaky'.
dotarem, as the FDA approved product Dotarem, is indicated for intravenous use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in brain (intracranial), spine and associated tissues in adult and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to detect and visualize areas with disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity.
Gadoterate affects proton relaxation times and consequently the MR signal, and the contrast obtained is characterized by the relaxivity of the gadoterate molecule. The relaxivity values for gadoterate are similar across the spectrum of magnetic field strengths used in clinical MRI (0.2 - 1.5 T).Gadoterate does not cross the intact blood-brain barrier and, therefore, does not enhance normal brain or lesions that have a normal blood-brain barrier, e.g. cysts, mature post-operative scars. However, disruption of the blood-brain barrier or abnormal vascularity allows distribution of gadoterate in lesions such as neoplasms, abscesses, and infarcts.
| Trade Name | dotarem |
| Generic | Gadoteric acid |
| Gadoteric acid Other Names | DOTA-Gd, Gadoterate, Gadoteric acid, Gd-DOTA |
| Weight | 376mg/ml, , 376.9mg/ml(0.5mmol/ml |
| Type | Solution, Injection, Vial, Intravenous Solution) |
| Formula | C16H25GdN4O8 |
| Weight | Average: 558.65 Monoisotopic: 559.09135 |
| Protein binding | Gadoterate does not undergo protein binding in vitro. |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | Laboratories Guerbet, A Martins & Fernandes, Sa |
| Available Country | Saudi Arabia, Philippines, United States, Netherlands, Portugal, |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
dotarem is a diagnostic contrast agent used with magnetic resonance imaging to provide contrast enhancement for intracranial and spinal lesions with abnormal blood brain barrier or abnormal vascularity, and for whole body imaging.
dotarem is indicated for intravenous use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in brain (intracranial), spine and associated tissues in adult and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to detect and visualize areas with disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity.
How dotarem works
Gadoterate is a paramagnetic molecule that develops a magnetic moment when placed in a magnetic field. The magnetic moment enhances the relaxation rates of water protons in its vicinity, leading to an increase in signal intensity (brightness) of tissues. When placed in a magnetic field, gadoterate shortens the T1 and T2 relaxation times in target tissues.
Toxicity
The most frequent adverse reactions in clinical studies were nausea, headache, injection site pain, injection site coldness, and burning sensation. Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis has occurred in patients with impaired elimination of GBCAs.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution at steady state of total gadolinium in normal subjects is 179 and 211 mL/kg in female and male subjects respectively, roughly equivalent to that of extracellular water.
Half Life
dotarem demonstrates a mean elimination half-life of about 1.4 hr and 2.0 hr in female and male subjects, respectively.
Clearance
In healthy subjects, the renal and total clearance rates of total gadolinium are comparable (1.27 and 1.74 mL/min/kg in females; and 1.40 and 1.64 mL/min/kg in males, respectively).
Elimination Route
dotarem is excreted primarily in urine.
Innovators Monograph
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