kisqali

Uses

kisqali is a kinase inhibitor used to treat HR+, HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer.

Kisqali (ribociclib) is a selective cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, a class of drugs that help slow the progression of cancer by inhibiting two proteins called cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). These proteins, when over-activated, can enable cancer cells to grow and divide too quickly. Targeting CDK4/6 with enhanced precision may play a role in ensuring that cancer cells do not continue to replicate uncontrollably.

kisqali is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Advanced Breast Cancer, Metastatic Breast Cancer

How kisqali works

Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) may provide protection against oncogenic processes in specific tissue types. For example, CDK4 is not required for normal mammary tissue development based on knockout mouse studies, but it is needed for growth of Ras-induced mammary tumors, suggesting a potential therapeutic window for treatment with lower toxicity. kisqali was reported to be a most selective CDK4/6 inhibitor and to have dose dependent antitumor activity in a number of preclinical models. It inhibited growth of tumor cells by arresting the cells at the G1 checkpoint, which prevents the tumor cells from proliferating.

Food Interaction

• Avoid grapefruit products. Grapefruit inhibits CYP3A metabolism, which may increase the serum concentration of ribociclib.
• Avoid St. John's Wort. This herb induces CYP3A metabolism, which may reduce serum levels of ribociclib.
• Take at the same time every day. Official labeling suggests taking ribociclib in the morning.
• Take with or without food.

[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID: Pomegranates and grapefruit may increase the systemic exposure to ribociclib.

The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 3A4-mediated first-pass metabolism in the gut wall by certain compounds present in these fruits.

Increased exposure to ribociclib may increase the risk of adverse effects such as infections, neutropenia, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, alopecia, fatigue, headache, and abnormal liver function may be increased.

MANAGEMENT: Patients receiving ribociclib should avoid consumption of pomegranates or pomegranate juice and grapefruit or grapefruit juice during treatment.

kisqali Drug Interaction

Major: oxycodone, sotalolModerate: paclitaxel protein-bound, zolpidem, loratadineUnknown: charcoal, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, duloxetine, fulvestrant, heparin, acetaminophen, vitamin a topical, bioflavonoids, levothyroxine, cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, menaquinone, zoledronic acid

kisqali Disease Interaction

Major: Ribociclib – arrhythmiasModerate: lung toxicity, cutaneous toxicity, hepatic impairment, neutropenia, renal impairment

Elimination Route

kisqali is orally bioavailable, highly selective inhibitor of CDK4/6 kinases with inhibitory IC50 concentrations in the low nanomolar range. Following oral dosing, ribociclib was rapidly absorbed with median Tmax ranging from 1 to 5 hours. Plasma concentrations increased approximately 2- to 3-fold from Cycle 1 Day 1 to Cycle 1 Day 18/21 due to accumulation, with steady state reached by approximately Day 8 on the basis of trough concentrations after repeated daily dosing. Dose-proportionality analyses demonstrated that exposure to ribociclib increased with dose, with both Cmax and area under the curve (AUC) increasing slightly more than proportional to dose, over the dose range 50–1,200 mg/day

Half Life

32.6 hours

Innovators Monograph

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