Pefloxacinum
Pefloxacinum Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
The bactericidal action of pefloxacin results from interference with the activity of the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are needed for the transcription and replication of bacterial DNA. DNA gyrase appears to be the primary quinolone target for gram-negative bacteria. Topoisomerase IV appears to be the preferential target in gram-positive organisms. Interference with these two topoisomerases results in strand breakage of the bacterial chromosome, superc
Pefloxacinum is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Flouroquinolones such as pefloxacin possess excellent activity against gram-negative aerobic bacteria such as E.coli and Neisseria gonorrhoea as well as gram-positive bacteria including S. pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. They also posses effective activity against shigella, salmonella, campylobacter, gonococcal organisms, and multi drug resistant pseudomonas and enterobacter.
| Trade Name | Pefloxacinum |
| Generic | Pefloxacin |
| Pefloxacin Other Names | Pefloxacin, Pefloxacine, Pefloxacino, Pefloxacinum, PFLX |
| Type | |
| Formula | C17H20FN3O3 |
| Weight | Average: 333.3574 Monoisotopic: 333.148869726 |
| Protein binding | 20-30% |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | 4-Quinolone preparations |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Pefloxacinum is used for the treatment of single or mixed infections caused by two or more susceptible organisms. It can also be used for infections caused by organisms resistant to other antibiotics including aminoglycoside, penicillin and cephalosporin.
Pefloxacinum is used for the treatment of the following infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
Severe systemic infection: Septicaemia, bacteraemia, peritonitis, infections in immunosuppressed patients with haematological or solid tumors and in patients in intensive care unit with specific problems such as infected burns.
Urinary tract infection: Uncomplicated and complicated urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, epididymitis.
Respiratory tract infection : Lobar and bronchopneumonia, acute and chronic bronchitis, acute exacerbation of cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, empyema.
Gastrointestinal infection: Enteric fever, infective diarrhoea.
Infections of the biliary system: Cholangitis, cholecystitis, empyema of the gall bladder.
Skin and soft tissue infection: Infected ulcers, wound infections, abscesses, cellulitis, otitis externa, erysipelas, infected burns.
Eye, ear, nose and throat infection: Otitis media, sinusitis, mastoiditis, tonsillitis.
Intra abdominal infection: Peritonitis, intra abdominal abscesses.
Bone and joint infection: Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis.
Pelvic infection: Salpingitis, endometritis, pelvic inflammatory diseases.
Gonorrhoea: Including urethral, rectal and pharyngeal gonorrhoea caused by β lactamase producing organisms or organisms moderately sensitive to penicillin.
Pefloxacinum is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Susceptible Bacterial Infections
How Pefloxacinum works
The bactericidal action of pefloxacin results from interference with the activity of the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are needed for the transcription and replication of bacterial DNA. DNA gyrase appears to be the primary quinolone target for gram-negative bacteria. Topoisomerase IV appears to be the preferential target in gram-positive organisms. Interference with these two topoisomerases results in strand breakage of the bacterial chromosome, supercoiling, and resealing. As a result DNA replication and transcription is inhibited.
Dosage
Pefloxacinum dosage
Oral: The usual dose is 400 mg twice daily (morning and evening) by mouth in most infections. Dosage should be adjusted for adults with hepatic insufficiency. Patients should take the drug with meals to avoid gastrointestinal disturbances.
IV Infusion: 400 mg in 100 ml of 5% dextrose slow infusion over 1 hr bid.
Side Effects
Gastrointestinal system: Nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain.
Central nervous system (CNS): Dizziness, headache, tiredness, confusion, convulsions. Hypersensitivity reactions : skin rashes, pruritus. The other reactions have also been reported are joint pain, mild photosensitivity and thrombocytopenia (at doses of 1600 mg daily).
Toxicity
Adverse reactions include peripheral neuropathy, nervousness, agitation, anxiety, and phototoxic events (rash, itching, burning) due to sunlight exposure.
Precaution
Avoid exposure to sunlight and ultraviolet radiation during treatment with Pefloxacinum because of the risk of photosensitivity reactions. Dosage readjustment is required in severe hepatic insufficiency.
Interaction
Antacids may interfere with absorption of Pefloxacinum resulting in serum and urine levels lower than desired, so concurrent administration of these agents with Pefloxacinum should be avoided.
Elimination Route
Well absorbed by the oral route.
Half Life
8.6 hours
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy category- not classified
Contraindication
Pefloxacinum is contraindicated in patients who have known hypersensitivity to Pefloxacinum or other quinolones. Pefloxacinum is also contraindicated in children and growing adolescents except where the benefits of treatment exceed the risks, in pregnant women, nursing mothers and in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
Storage Condition
Store at room temperature. Keep away from excess heat and moisture.
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