Rhinos Junior

Rhinos Junior Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Pseudoephedrine is structurally related to ephedrine but exerts a weaker effect on the sympathetic nervous system. Both drugs naturally occur in in ephedra plant which have a history of use in traditional Eastern medicine and were first researched in the west in 1889. The decongestant effect of pseudoephedrine was described in dogs in 1927.

Pseudoephedrine causes vasoconstriction which leads to a decongestant effect. It has a short duration of action unless formulated as an extended release product. Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of central nervous system stimulation.

Rhinos Junior
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Rhinos Junior
Generic	Pseudoephedrine + Chlorpheniramine maleate
Weight	15mg, 1mgper5ml
Type	Syrup
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer	Dexa Medica
Available Country	Indonesia
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Chlorpheniramine Maleate is indicated in the following indications- Urticaria Sensitivity reactions Angioneurotic edema Vasomotor rhinitis Cough Common cold Motion sickness and Other allergic conditions.

Pseudoephedrine is an alpha and beta adrenergic agonist used to treat nasal and sinus congestion, as well as allergic rhinitis.

Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine used for its decongestant activity.

Rhinos Junior is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Allergic Rhinitis (AR), Allergies, Common Cold, Common Cold Associated With Cough, Common Cold/Flu, Cough, Cough caused by Common Cold, Eye allergy, Fever, Flu caused by Influenza, Headache, Irritative cough, Nasal Allergies, Nasal Congestion, Nasal Congestion caused by Common Cold, Pain, Perennial Allergy, Priapism, Respiratory Allergy, Rhinorrhoea, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Seasonal Allergies, Sinus Congestion, Sinusitis, Sneezing, Sore Throat, Symptoms of Acute Bronchitis Accompanied by Coughing, Throat irritation, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, Upper respiratory tract congestion, Upper respiratory tract signs and symptoms, Dry cough, Minor aches and pains, Sinus pain, Watery itchy eyes, Airway secretion clearance therapy

How Rhinos Junior works

Pseudoephedrine acts mainly as an agonist of alpha adrenergic receptors and less strongly as an agonist of beta adrenergic receptors.[A10896] This agonism of adrenergic receptors produces vasoconstriction which is used as a decongestant and as a treatment of priapism. Pseudoephedrine is also an inhibitor of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin transporters.

The sympathomimetic effects of pseudoephedrine include an increase in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and chronotropic response of the right atria. Pseudoephedrine is also a partial agonist of the anococcygeal muscle. Pseudoephedrine also inhibits NF-kappa-B, NFAT, and AP-1.

Dosage

Rhinos Junior dosage

Adult- Usual adult dose is 4 mg every 4-6 hours, maximum 24 mg daily. Child- 6-12 years: 2 mg every 4-6 hours, maximum 12 mg daily. 2-5 years: 1 mg every 4-6 hours, maximum 6 mg daily. 1-2 years: 1 mg twice daily. Below 1 year the use of Chlorpheniramine Maleate is not recommended.

Side Effects

Chlorpheniramine is well-tolerated, but sometimes drowsiness, dizziness, muscular weakness, and gastrointestinal upset may occur.

Toxicity

The oral LD₅₀ of pseudoephedrine is 2206mg/kg in rats and 726mg/kg in mice.

Patients experiencing an overdose of pseudoephedrine may present with giddiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, sweating, thirst, tachycardia, precordial pain, palpitations, difficulty urinating, muscle weakness, muscle tension, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, toxic psychosis, cardiac arrhythmias, circulatory collapse, convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. Treat overdose with symptomatic and supportive treatment including removal of unabsorbed drug.

Precaution

Chlorpheniramine should be used with caution in patients with glaucoma and prostatic hypertrophy. During therapy with chlorpheniramine, caution should be taken in driving vehicles and operating machinery.

Interaction

Chlorphenamine maleate has been reported to be incompatible with calcium chloride, kanamycin sulfate, noradrenaline acid tartrate, pentobarbital sodium, and meglumine adipiodone.

Volume of Distribution

The apparent volume of distribution of pseudoephedrin is 2.6-3.3L/kg.

Elimination Route

A 240mg oral dose of pseudoephedrine reaches a C_max of 246.3±10.5ng/mL fed and 272.5±13.4ng/mL fasted, with a T_max of 6.60±1.38h fed and 11.87±0.72h fasted, with an AUC of 6862.0±334.1ng*h/mL fed and 7535.1±333.0ng*h/mL fasted.

Half Life

The mean elimination half life of pseudoephedrine is 6.0h.

Clearance

A 60mg oral dose of pseudoephedrine has a clearance of 5.9±1.7mL/min/kg.

Elimination Route

55-75% of an oral dose is detected in the urine as unchanged pseudoephedrine.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

This drug should not be used in lactating mother and in pregnancy especially during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Contraindication

Chlorpheniramine is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to this agent, in newborn or premature infants.

Acute Overdose

CNS depression (including sedation, apnea, CV collapse), CNS stimulation (including insomnia, hallucination, tremors, convulsions), tinnitus, blurred vision, dizziness, ataxia, hypotension. Stimulation and atropine-like signs and symptoms (including dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, flushing, hyperthermia, Gl symptoms) are more likely in children.