(S)-ropivacaine
(S)-ropivacaine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
(S)-ropivacaine is an aminoamide local anaesthetic drug commonly marketed by AstraZeneca under the trade name Naropin. It is present as a racemic mixture of the enantiomers containing equal proportions of the “S” and “R” forms. The marketed form contains the single S-enantiomer as the active ingredient.
(S)-ropivacaine, a local anesthetic agent, is indicated for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, for oral surgery procedures, for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures.
| Trade Name | (S)-ropivacaine |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Ropivacaine |
| Ropivacaine Other Names | (S)-ropivacaine, Ropivacaina, Ropivacaine, Ropivacainum |
| Related Drugs | lidocaine ophthalmic, cocaine nasal, cefotaxime, bupivacaine, piperacillin, butorphanol, Marcaine, oxymorphone, cefoxitin, Stadol |
| Type | |
| Formula | C17H26N2O |
| Weight | Average: 274.4011 Monoisotopic: 274.204513464 |
| Protein binding | 94%, mainly to a1-acid glycoprotein |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
(S)-ropivacaine is an analgesic drug used for local or regional anesthesia for surgery and short-term management of pain.
Used in obstetric anesthesia and regional anesthesia for surgery.
(S)-ropivacaine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Pain, Acute, General Anesthesia, Caudal epidural block therapy, Local anesthesia therapy, Lumbar epidural anesthesia therapy
How (S)-ropivacaine works
Local anesthetics such as (S)-ropivacaine block the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses, presumably by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse, and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential. Specifically, they block the sodium-channel and decrease chances of depolarization and consequent action potentials. In general, the progression of anesthesia is related to the diameter, myelination and conduction velocity of affected nerve fibers.
Toxicity
High systemic doses of ropivacaine can result in central nervous system (CNS) and cardiovascular effects, with the CNS effects usually occurring at lower blood plasma concentrations and additional cardiovascular effects occurring at higher concentrations. However, cardiovascular collapse may bee seen at low concentrations. CNS effects include CNS excitation involving nervousness, tingling around the mouth, tinnitus, tremor, dizziness, blurred vision, seizures. CNS depressant effects may follow, associated with drowsiness, loss of consciousness, respiratory depression and apnea. Cardiovascular events may be caused by hypoxemia secondary to respiratory depression and include hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias, and/or cardiac arrest.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.(S)-ropivacaine Drug Interaction
Moderate: celecoxibUnknown: charcoal, RHO Immunoglobulin , aspirin, azithromycin, diphenhydramine, duloxetine, lvp solution, hydromorphone, heparin, enoxaparin, pregabalin, acetaminophen, vitamin a topical, bioflavonoids, topiramate, valproic acid, cyanocobalamin, cholecalciferol, ondansetron
Elimination Route
Bioavailability is 87%–98% following epidural administration.
Half Life
Approximately 4.2 hours.
Clearance
- 387 +/- 107 mL/min
- unbound plasma clearance=7.2 +/- 1.6 L/min
Elimination Route
(S)-ropivacaine is extensively metabolized in the liver, predominantly by aromatic hydroxylation mediated by cytochrome P4501A to 3-hydroxy ropivacaine. After a single IV dose approximately 37% of the total dose is excreted in the urine as both free and conjugated 3-hydroxy ropivacaine. In total, 86% of the ropivacaine dose is excreted in the urine after intravenous administration of which only 1% relates to unchanged drug.
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