Turpentine (gum)
Turpentine (gum) Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Turpentine (gum), also known as spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, and wood turpentine, is a liquid extracted from live trees, mainly pine, through distillation of resin. It is used as a solvent and base material in organic synthesis reactions. Turpentine (gum) is composed of terpenes, mainly the monoterpenes alpha-pinene and beta-pinene with lesser amounts of carene, camphene, dipentene, and terpinolene.
Turpentine (gum) oil, when inhaled, may help reduce congestion. When used on the skin, turpentine oil may cause warmth and redness that can help relieve pain in the tissue underneath.
| Trade Name | Turpentine (gum) |
| Generic | Turpentine |
| Turpentine Other Names | Gum turpentine, Spirits of gum turpentine, Turpentine (gum), Turpentine gum |
| Type | |
| Groups | Approved, Experimental |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Turpentine (gum) is a medication used to treat minor aches and pains of muscles and joints.
Turpentine (gum) has been used experimentally in a bath for the treatment of disseminated sclerosis and sexual dysfunction. It also has been studied for its antibacterial activity and inhibition of osteoclast activity. Turpentine (gum) is utilized in experimental models of inflammation to induce a systemic inflammatory immune response in animals.
Turpentine (gum) is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Joint Pain, Soreness, Muscle
How Turpentine (gum) works
Binding of turpentine oil or inflammatory cytokines e.g. interleukin-1 (IL-1) activate signalling through the IL-1 Type 1 receptor (IL-1 R1). Initiation occurs by binding of Toll-interleukin 1 receptor adaptor protein (TIRAP) and Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (mD88) which then dissociates and interacts with IRAK (Interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase) and the tumour necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6). This activates the MAPK pathway leading to transcription of the nuclear factor κB transcription factor and production of inflammatory mediators.
Toxicity
Human : TCLo ( Inhalation) 175ppm, Effects : lung, Thorax or Respiration Human: TCLo ( inhalation ) 6gm/m3/3h , Effects : Behavioral: Headache Infant: LDLo ( Oral ) 1748 mg/kg, Effect : GI, Nausea or vomiting Man: LDLo (Oral ) 3mg/kg Mouse LC50 ( inhalation ) 29mg/m3/2h Mouse: LD50 ( intravenous ) 1180ug/kg Rabbit: LDLo ( Skin) 5010mg/kg, Effect: general depressed activity
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Volume of Distribution
Turpentine (gum), as a lipophilic substance, accumulates in fatty tissues. The highest concentrations of turpentine following inhalation by rats were found in the spleen, kidneys, brain, and peripheral and perinephric fat.
Elimination Route
Turpentine (gum) is readily absorbed from GI tract, skin, and respiratory tract.
Half Life
Eight male volunteers were exposed to 450 mg/cu m turpentine by inhalation (2 hr, 50 W) in an exposure chamber. The mean half lives of the last phase of alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and 3-carene (components of turpentine) averaged 32, 25, and 42 hours, respectively.
Elimination Route
Elimination of absorbed turpentine in the urine is manifested by an odor resembling that of violets.
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