Vedolizumab
Vedolizumab Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Vedolizumab is a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human lymphocyte α4β7 integrin, a key mediator of gastrointestinal inflammation. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease for patients who have had an inadequate response with, lost response to, or were intolerant to inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or other conventional therapies. By blocking its primary target, α4β7 integrin, vedolizumab reduces inflammation in the gut. Vedolizumab is administered by IV infusion over a period of 30 minutes; after the first dose, it is given again at two and six weeks and then every 8 weeks thereafter.
Non-clinical studies have shown that the pharmacodynamic effects of vedolizumab are reversible upon removal of the antibody: pharmacologic activity of cells inhibited by vedolizumab could be partially restored within 24 hours after removal, with near complete restoration within 4 days. There are no known drug interactions as vedolizumab is a humanized antibody and does not modulate production of cytokines, which is known to affect drug metabolism.
| Trade Name | Vedolizumab |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Vedolizumab |
| Vedolizumab Other Names | Vedolizumab |
| Related Drugs | Entyvio, Humira, Stelara, Tysabri, Zeposia, Colazal, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, budesonide, azathioprine |
| Weight | 300mg, |
| Type | Intravenous Powder For Injection, Intravenous |
| Formula | C6528H10072N1732O2042S42 |
| Weight | 146837.0 Da |
| Protein binding | Vedolizumab binds specifically to α4β7 integrin but does not bind to, or inhibit function of, α4β1 or αEβ7 integrins. Inhibition of the α4β7 integrin is a shared mechanism with natalizumab, however vedolizumab binds solely to the α4β7 but not the α4β1 integrin, unlike natalizumab which binds to both. As a result, natalizumab modulates the systemic immune system and is associated with other side effects such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Vedolizumab is an integrin blocker and anti-inflammatory agent used to manage ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in adults with inadequate clinical response to immunomodulators.
Vedolizumab is indicated for adult patients with moderately to severely active UC or CD who have had an inadequate response with, lost response to, or were intolerant to a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker or immunomodulator; or had an inadequate response with, were intolerant to, or demonstrated dependence on corticosteroids.
Vedolizumab is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Severe Crohn's Disease, Severe Ulcerative Colitis, Moderate Crohn's disease, Moderate Ulcerative colitis
How Vedolizumab works
Vedolizumab binds to α4β7 integrin, a key mediator of gastrointestinal inflammation expressed on the surfaces of T and B lymphocytes. By selectively inhibiting the α4β7 integrin, vedolizumab inhibits adhesion of lymphocytes to its natural ligand, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), thereby preventing lymphocytic cells from entering the gut lamina propria and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Specifically inhibiting this pathway alleviates GI inflammation without impairing systemic immune responses.
Toxicity
Long-term studies in animals have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential, mutagenicity, or possible impairments to fertility. Elevated transaminase levels with or without elevated bilirubin has occurred in patients who have received this drug. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has not been reported with use of this drug, however it has occurred in patients who have received different integrin receptor antagonists and is therefore considered a risk for this product. Use of vedolizumab may increase risk of developing infections, and one study found that nasopharyngitis occurs more frequently with vedolizumab than with placebo for CD patients (Wang et al, 2014).
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Vedolizumab Drug Interaction
Major: adalimumabUnknown: contained in alcoholic beverages , diphenhydramine, calcium / vitamin d, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, arginine, levocarnitine, cysteine, lithium, pregabalin, acetaminophen, mesalamine, quetiapine, valproic acid, thiamine, cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine, cholecalciferol, phytonadione, menaquinone
Vedolizumab Disease Interaction
Volume of Distribution
Serum apparent volume of distribution at steady-state has been found to be moderately greater than the serum volume. It is therefore expected to be confined to the systemic circulation, as expected for a high molecular weight protein.
Elimination Route
The intended route of administration is intravenous, therefore there is no absorption data and bioavailability is expected to be 100%.
Half Life
Vedolizumab has a long terminal elimination half life of 336 to 362 hr.
Clearance
Vedolizumab has a low clearance of 0.180 to 0.266 ml/hr/kg.
Elimination Route
Renal clearance is negligible as vedolizumab is a high molecular weight protein.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Vedolizumab
