Guna-Lumbar
Guna-Lumbar Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Aluminum oxide has a chemical formula Al2O3. It is amphoteric in nature, and is used in various chemical, industrial and commercial applications. It is considered an indirect additive used in food contact substances by the FDA.
Canakinumab is a recombinant, human anti-human-IL-1β monoclonal antibody that belongs to the IgG1/κ isotype subclass. It is expressed in a murine Sp2/0-Ag14 cell line and comprised of two 447- (or 448-) residue heavy chains and two 214-residue light chains, with a molecular mass of 145157 Daltons when deglycosylated. Both heavy chains of canakinumab contain oligosaccharide chains linked to the protein backbone at asparagine 298 (Asn 298). Canakinumab binds to human IL-1β and neutralizes its inflammatory activity by blocking its interaction with IL-1 receptors, but it does not bind IL-1alpha or IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Canakinumab is marketed under the brand name Ilaris and indicated for patients 4 years of age and older to treat Familial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome (FCAS) and Muckle-Wells Syndrome (MWS), which are both part of the Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS) as well as for patients 2 years of age and older to treat systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA). Clinical trials have established the administration of canakinumab every 2 weeks to be safe and effective, offering a considerable advantage over the existing treatment with the human IL-1 receptor antagonist, anakinra, which must be injected daily and which is often poorly tolerated by patients.
Novartis AG has developed canakinumab as a subcutaneous injection and fully human mAb that neutralizes the bioactivity of human IL-1beta, which is involved in several inflammatory disorders. Canakinumab has promising clinical safety and pharmacokinetic properties, and demonstrated potential for the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA), and possibly for other complex inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, COPD disease and ocular diseases.
Metenkefalin is an endogenous opioid and beta-endorphin. It has been shown to reduce chromosomal abberations in patients with multiple sclerosis. Metenkefalin, along with tridecactide, are under investigation as an immunomodulatory therapy for moderate to severe COVID-19.
Phosphoric Acid is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing inorganic acid. Phosphoric acid is a sequestering agent which binds many divalent cations, including Fe++, Cu++, Ca++, and Mg++.
Transport of phosphate from the gut lumen is an active, energy-dependent process that is modified by several factors. ... Vitamin D stimulates phosphate absorption, an effect reported to precede its action on calcium ion transport.
Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous is the anhydrous, sodium salt form of sulfuric acid. Sodium sulfate anhydrous disassociates in water to provide sodium ions and sulfate ions. Sodium ion is the principal cation of the extracellular fluid and plays a large part in the therapy of fluid and electrolyte disturbances. Sodium sulfate anhydrous is an electrolyte replenisher and is used in isosmotic solutions so that administration does not disturb normal electrolyte balance and does not lead to absorption or excretion of water and ions.
Induces catharsis by the osmotic effects of the unabsorbed sulfate salts and polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the GI tract. Specifically, sulfate salts provide sulfate anions, which are poorly absorbed, and PEG, which is primarily unabsorbed, causes water to be retained in the GI tract resulting in watery diarrhea.
| Trade Name | Guna-Lumbar |
| Generic | Aluminum oxide + anti-interleukin-1.alpha. immunoglobulin g rabbit + canakinumab + metenkefalin + bryonia alba root + hamamelis virginiana root bark/stem bark + sus scrofa intervertebral disk + sodium sulfate + phosphoric acid + sepia officinalis juice |
| Type | Injection, solution |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Canakinumab is an interleukin-1β blocker used to treat Periodic Fever Syndromes such as Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS) and Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), and also to treat active Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SJIA).
Used in patients 4 years of age and older to treat Familial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome (FCAS) and Muckle-Wells Syndrome (MWS), which are both part of the Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS) as well as for patients 2 years of age and older to treat systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA).
Metenkefalin is an investigational endogenous opioid being studied for the treatment of COVID-19.
Metenkefalin is indicated in Bosnia for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Phosphoric acid is an ingredient used for electrolyte replenishment and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy, and for the relief of upset stomach associated with nausea.
Phosphoric acid is used in dentistry and orthodontics as an etching solution, to clean and roughen the surfaces of teeth where dental appliances or fillings will be placed.
Sodium sulfate is an agent used for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy or barium enema X-ray examination.
indicated for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy or barium enema X-ray examination.
Guna-Lumbar is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Bleeding, Brain Swelling, Ectopic Intestinal Mucosa, Meckel Diverticulum, Occult GI BleedingFamilial Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome (FCAS), Muckle-Wells Syndrome (MWS), Neonatal-Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease (NOMID), Active systemic Juvenile idiopathic arthritisTotal parenteral nutrition therapyBowel preparation therapy
How Guna-Lumbar works
In inflammatory diseases involving Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is excessively activated and drives inflammation. The protein cryopyrin controls the activation of IL-1β, and mutations in cryopyrin's gene, NLRP-3, up-regulate IL-1β activation. Canakinumab is a human monoclonal anti-human IL-1β antibody of the IgG1/κ isotype. Canakinumab binds to human IL-1β and neutralizes its inflammatory activity by blocking its interaction with IL-1 receptors, but it does not bind IL-1α or IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra).
Metenkefalin is an agonist of µ and δ opioid receptors. It also causes immunostimulation at low doses and immunosuppression at higher doses. Metenkefalin can also inhibit the production of aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, and corticosterone. Unfortuneately, the mechanisms by which these effects occur have not been well described in the literature.
Phosphate supplementation of the diet of rodents has been shown to lead to reduction in the incidence of dental caries and different phosphates have different powers in reducing the cariogenic potential of the carbohydrates in a diet. Phosphate supplements seem to exert their cariostatic effect on the tooth surface either directly during eating or by excretion in the saliva.
MoviPrep produces a watery stool leading to cleansing of the colon. The osmotic activity of polyethylene glycol 3350, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium ascorbate, and ascorbic acid, when taken with 1 liter of additional clear fluid, usually results in no net absorption or excretion of ions or water.
Toxicity
The most common adverse reactions involved the central nervous system (headache and vertigo), gastrointestinal system (diarrhea and nausea), neuromuscular and skeletal system (musculoskeletal pain), and respiratory system (rhinitis, nasopharyngitis and bronchitis). Influenza was also reported.
Data regarding overdoses of metenkefalin are not readily available. Animal overdose studies have not determined an LD50.
Man: LDLo, route unreported at 220mg/kg Rabbit: LD 50, Route: Skin, Reported dose: 2740 mg /kg, Effects: Behavioral : somnolence ( general depressed activity), Excitement Rat: LC50, Route: inhalation, Reported dose: >850 mg/m3/1h Rat: LD50, Route: oral, Reported dose: 1530 mg/kg, Effects: Kidney, ureter and bladder hematuria, Behavioral: somnolence (general depressed activity)
Mouse LD50 (Oral): 5989mg/kg Mouse LDLo (Intravenous): 1220mg/kg Rabbit LD50 (Intravenous):1220mg/kg
Volume of Distribution
- 6.01 L [typical CAPS patient weighing 70 kg]
Absorbed phosphoric acid is distributed widely in the body as phosphate. Increased serum phosphate concentrations have been reported rarely after phosphoric acid ingestion
Elimination Route
The absolute bioavailability of subcutaneous canakinumab is estimated to be 70%.
Metenkefalin reaches a Cmax of 1266.14pg/mL, with a Tmax of 0.16h, and an AUC of 360.64pg*h/mL.
Ortho phosphate is absorbed from, and to a limited extent secreted into, the gastrointestinal tract.
Absorption of sodium sulfate after ingestion in rats was investigated. 35)S-Radioactivity excreted in urine during 24 hr indicated almost complete absorption from GI tract. Determination in serum 2 hr after admin revealed 3-fold increase in sulfate concentration rapid and almost complete absorption of inorganic sulfate occurs after oral admin in rats.
Half Life
26 days
The half life of metenkefalin is 4.2-39 minutes.
In infants with normal renal function the serum half-life of phosphate following single oral or rectal overdose is 5-11 hours
Serum sulfate: 8.5 hours
Clearance
- 0.174 L/day [typical CAPS patient weighing 70 kg]
Absorbed phosphate is filtered at the glomerulus and partially reabsorbed, with phosphate clearance 80 per cent of creatinine clearance.
Elimination Route
The route of elimination for canakinumab has not yet been determined.
In adults, about two thirds of the ingested phosphate is absorbed, and that which is absorbed is almost entirely excreted into the urine.
Rectal effluent if unabsorbed sulfates ; urine (predominant route for absorbed sulfates )
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