Methohexital
Methohexital Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.
Methohexital, a barbiturate, is used for the induction of anesthesia prior to the use of other general anesthetic agents and for induction of anesthesia for short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures associated with minimal painful stimuli. Little analgesia is conferred by barbiturates; their use in the presence of pain may result in excitation.
| Trade Name | Methohexital |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Methohexital |
| Methohexital Other Names | Methohexital, Methohexitalum, Methohexitone, Metohexital |
| Related Drugs | fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine, hydromorphone, hyoscyamine, propofol, glycopyrrolate, butorphanol, thiopental |
| Weight | 2.5g, 500mg, 100mg/10ml |
| Type | Injectable powder for injection, intravenous solution |
| Formula | C14H18N2O3 |
| Weight | Average: 262.3043 Monoisotopic: 262.131742452 |
| Protein binding | 73% |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Methohexital is an anesthetic used to induce deep sedation.
Methohexital is indicated for use as an intravenous anaesthetic. It has also been commonly used to induce deep sedation.
Methohexital is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: General Anesthesia, Induction of anesthesia therapy, Sedative therapy
How Methohexital works
Methohexital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged.
Toxicity
The onset of toxicity following an overdose of intravenously administered methohexital will be within seconds of the infusion. If methohexital is administered rectally or is ingested, the onset of toxicity may be delayed. The manifestations of an ultrashort-acting barbiturate in overdose include central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, hypotension, loss of peripheral vascular resistance, and muscular hyperactivity ranging from twitching to convulsive-like movements. Other findings may include convulsions and allergic reactions. Following massive exposure to any barbiturate, pulmonary edema, circulatory collapse with loss of peripheral vascular tone, and cardiac arrest may occur.
Food Interaction
- Avoid alcohol. Alcohol intake may cause additive CNS depressant effects.
Methohexital Alcohol interaction
[Major] GENERALLY AVOID:
Concurrent acute use of barbiturates and ethanol may result in additive CNS effects,
including impaired coordination, sedation, and death.
Tolerance of these agents may occur with chronic use.
The mechanism is related to inhibition of microsomal enzymes acutely and induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes chronically.
The combination of ethanol and barbiturates should be avoided.
Methohexital Drug Interaction
Moderate: fentanyl, fentanyl, hydromorphone, hydromorphone, pregabalin, pregabalin, gabapentin, gabapentin, midazolam, midazolamUnknown: rabeprazole, rabeprazole, risedronate, risedronate, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, apixaban, apixaban, tiotropium, tiotropium
Elimination Route
The absolute bioavailability following rectal administration of methohexital is 17%.
Half Life
5.6 ± 2.7 minutes
Elimination Route
Excretion occurs via the kidneys through glomerular filtration.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Methohexital
