Zefazone

Zefazone Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.

Zefazone is a second-generation cephalosporin. The cephalosporins are bactericidal drugs with both gram-positive and gram-negative activity. They inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis in a way similar to the penicillins. Zefazone is more active than 1st-generation cephalosporins against indole-positive Proteus, Serratia, anaerobic gram-negative bacilli (including B. fragilis), and some E. coli, Klebsiella, and P. mirabilis, but is less active than cefoxitin or cefotetan against most gram-negative bacilli.

Zefazone
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Zefazone
Availability	Discontinued
Generic	Cefmetazole
Cefmetazole Other Names	Cefmetazole, Cefmetazolo, Cefmetazolum
Related Drugs	ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, vancomycin, cefotaxime, bupivacaine, piperacillin, ropivacaine, Marcaine
Type
Formula	C₁₅H₁₇N₇O₅S₃
Weight	Average: 471.534 Monoisotopic: 471.045328759
Groups	Approved, Investigational
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Zefazone is a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.

For the treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms.

Zefazone is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Susceptible Bacterial Infections

How Zefazone works

The bactericidal activity of cefmetazole results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).

Toxicity

Oral LD₅₀ in rats is 3,204 mg/kg. With other b-lactam antibiotics, adverse effects following overdosage have included nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and convulsions.

Zefazone Alcohol interaction

[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID:

Some cephalosporins may occasionally induce a disulfiram-like reaction when coadministered with alcohol.

The interaction has been reported for cefamandole, cefoperazone, cefotetan, and moxalactam.

These agents contain an N-methylthiotetrazole (NMTT) side chain that may inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) similar to disulfiram.

Following ingestion of alcohol, inhibition of ALDH results in increased concentration of acetaldehyde, the accumulation of which produces an unpleasant physiologic response referred to as the 'disulfiram reaction'.

Symptoms include flushing, throbbing in head and neck, throbbing headache, respiratory difficulty, nausea, vomiting, sweating, thirst, chest pain, palpitation, dyspnea, hyperventilation, tachycardia, hypotension, syncope, weakness, vertigo, blurred vision, and confusion.

Severe reactions may result in respiratory depression, cardiovascular collapse, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, acute congestive heart failure, unconsciousness, convulsions, and death.

Cefonicid contains a structurally similar side chain but did not produce elevations in blood acetaldehyde or a disulfiram reaction to ethanol in 15 healthy volunteers given single and multiple one gram doses of the drug.

Patients receiving cephalosporins with the NMTT side chain should avoid the concomitant use of alcohol and alcohol-containing products.