Rifabutine

Rifabutine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

A broad-spectrum antibiotic that is being used as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-positive patients.

Rifabutine is an antibiotic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible cells. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. It is bactericidal and has a very broad spectrum of activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and specifically Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Because of rapid emergence of resistant bacteria, use is restricted to treatment of mycobacterial infections and a few other indications. Rifabutine is well absorbed when taken orally and is distributed widely in body tissues and fluids, including the CSF. It is metabolized in the liver and eliminated in bile and, to a much lesser extent, in urine, but dose adjustments are unnecessary with renal insufficiency.

Table Of contents

• Rifabutine
• Uses
• Dosage
• Side Effect
• Precautions
• Interactions
• Uses during Pregnancy
• Uses during Breastfeeding
• Accute Overdose
• Food Interaction
• Half Life
• Volume of Distribution
• Clearance
• Interaction With other Medicine
• Contradiction
• Storage

Trade Name	Rifabutine
Availability	Prescription only
Generic	Rifabutin
Rifabutin Other Names	Ansamicin, Ansamycin, Rifabutin, Rifabutina, Rifabutine, Rifabutinum
Related Drugs	ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, Zithromax, clarithromycin, rifampin, isoniazid, Biaxin, ethambutol, bcg, Rifadin
Type
Formula	C46H62N4O11
Weight	Average: 847.0047 Monoisotopic: 846.441508846
Protein binding	85%
Groups	Approved, Investigational
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Rifabutine is an antibiotic used to treat mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients with HIV.

For the prevention of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease in patients with advanced HIV infection.

Rifabutine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Mycobacterium avium complex infection, Tuberculosis (TB), Late phase Tuberculosis

How Rifabutine works

Rifabutine acts via the inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria, leading to a suppression of RNA synthesis and cell death.

Toxicity

LD₅₀ = 4.8 g/kg (mouse, male)

Food Interaction

• Take with or without food. For those patients with propensity to nausea, vomiting, or other gastrointestinal upset, taking with food may be useful.

Rifabutine Drug Interaction

Moderate: atorvastatin, montelukast, cholecalciferol, ondansetronMinor: mirabegronUnknown: aspirin, lorazepam, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, diphenhydramine, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, loratadine, dexlansoprazole, acetylcysteine, esomeprazole, acetaminophen, cyanocobalamin, ascorbic acid

Rifabutine Disease Interaction

Major: colitis, TBModerate: neutropenia/thrombocytopenia

Elimination Route

Rifabutine is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with an absolute bioavailability averaging 20%.

Half Life

45 (± 17) hours

Clearance

• 0.69 +/- 0.32 L/hr/kg

Elimination Route

A mass-balance study in three healthy adult volunteers with 14C-labeled rifabutin showed that 53% of the oral dose was excreted in the urine, primarily as metabolites. About 30% of the dose is excreted in the feces.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here Rifabutine